Research On The Motivation And Behavior Qualitative Research On The Factors Affecting The Performance Of Elite Marathon Athletes

With the widespread development of marathon in China,it attracts a huge number of people to participate in and a large number of excellent marathon runners emerge.The group of marathon runners attracts many domestic scholars to do researches and has become a hot spot.At present,domestic researches on mass runners mainly focus on the motivation of competition behavior,and few scholars have conducted researches on marathon performance.In an attempt to explore the factors affecting the record of the elite marathon athletes,the study takes 30 members of the “Labao team” spontaneously organized in Fuzhou City as the survey objects,and uses the resistance theory of international authority(self-resistance factor-interpersonal resistance Factors-structural resistance factors).At the process of collecting data,the author adopts three methods which are participatory observation,interview method and text analysis,and uses grounded theory and open coding method to analyze the collected data.On the basis of open coding process of grounded theory,the concepts and categories of the motivation and resistance factors affecting the record of the elite marathon athletes involved in the collected relevant materials are summarized and analyzed,and finally the motivation that affects the performance of the elite marathon athletes are summarized.With resistance factors,the following main conclusions are drawn:(1)Motivation factors are divided into two levels: internal and external.The internal driving factors are the individual’ s internal needs,will quality,basic sports ability,theoretical knowledge and practical experience,recovery methods,competition strategies and execution.The external driving factors are social support and incentives.There are influencing factors including mechanism,sports atmosphere,weather conditions,and track conditions.(2)Resistance factors are divided into four levels: self resistance,interpersonal resistance,structural resistance and experience resistance.Self-resistance factors are sports injuries and psychological quality,interpersonal resistance factors are family and leadership not support,structural resistance factors are time and money,weather factors,track factors,experience resistance factors for event organization and event services,a total of 7 influencing factors.In the light of the above research results,the following suggestions are given.(1)The government and sports departments should introduce corresponding measures in accordance with the development of marathon sports to strengthen the promotion and popularization of sports health knowledge.While advocating the participation of the whole people,we must focus on the mass elite athletes,improve the reward system,guide social enterprises to sign sponsors,relieve the mass elite runners from worries,devote themselves to athletic training,and improve their ability to compete against marathon in China.(2)The organizer must actively participate in various event operation training,strengthen event organization,improve event emergency plans,improve the quality and service level of the event,optimize the course of the race,divide the starting area according to the results,and provide contestants with a good Competition environment.(3)Marathon participants should treat the sport rationally and scientifically,and participate in the marathon according to their actual conditions.It is necessary to follow the laws of marathon sports,actively learn marathon knowledge,scientifically and systematically train,strengthen basic exercises,and prevent sports injuries.