A Study On The Impact Of Direct Grain Subsidies On The Technical Efficiency Of Grain Production In Hunan Province

Effectively improving the efficiency of grain production technology and realizing the collection of grain in technology is the basis for guaranteeing food security and supporting the achievement of national strategic goals under the condition of limited production resources in China.The first and foremost task to implement grain production technology and hold on to the arable land is to improve the grain production support policy represented by direct grain subsidies,improve the compensation mechanism for grain cultivation benefits,and protect the enthusiasm of grain farmers in production.Hunan Province has advantages in grain production status,regional representation and feasibility of experience promotion.In order to measure the technical efficiency level of grain production in Hunan Province and its time-series change trend since the implementation of subsidies,examine the policy effect of direct grain subsidies on the main producing provinces,as well as the influence of other possible influencing factors on the technical efficiency of grain production in Hunan Province,and explore the optimal path to achieve the synergistic development of direct grain subsidy policy objectives and high-quality grain production in Hunan Province.Taking the situation of direct subsidies for grain production and the actual input-output of grain production in Hunan Province as the research object,the time window of direct subsidies for grain production implementation is selected as the observation period,i.e.,the national provincial panel data from 2004 to 2020.The input-oriented data envelopment analysis(DEA)window analysis framework under the assumption of variable returns to scale is used to measure,decompose,and compare the technical efficiency of grain in Hunan Province during this time period in a time-series manner.The Tobit truncated regression model was also used to empirically analyze the substantial impact of direct grain subsidy policy on the technical efficiency of grain production in Hunan Province,controlling for factors such as capital capacity of farmers,human resource status,natural disaster factors and arable land quality.The results show that(1)the technical efficiency of grain production in Hunan Province after the implementation of direct grain subsidies continues to fluctuate slightly in the range of 0.69-0.84,with a mean value of 0.74.Among them,the pure technical efficiency fluctuates downward in the range of 0.77-1,with a mean value of 0.88,which is the internal determinant of the fluctuation of the technical efficiency of grain production in Hunan Province;the scale technical efficiency fluctuates in the range of 0.72-0.98;the scale technical efficiency fluctuates in the range of 0.72-0.98.It fluctuates in the range of 0.72～0.98,with a mean value of 0.84,and continues to rise after the reform of "three-in-one" direct grain subsidies.(2)Direct grain subsidies,represented by subsidy intensity,have an inverse effect on the technical efficiency of grain production in Hunan Province,with an impact coefficient of-0.2.(3)Among the control variables,the average years of education of rural population,representing human resources,and the effective irrigated area,representing arable land quality,have a positive effect on technical efficiency,with coefficient values of 1.05 and 3.41,respectively;the net income per capital,representing capital capacity of farm households,has an inverse effect.The per capital net income,which represents the capital capacity of farmers,plays an opposite role,and the coefficient of influence reaches-0.9;the disaster rate,which represents the natural disaster factor,does not have a significant effect on the technical efficiency of grain production.The overall technical efficiency of grain production in Hunan Province is not good,and there are deficiencies in the allocation and integration of factor resources and production and management;the effect of direct grain subsidies is not sufficient in the efficiency area,and the direction and mode of subsidies are deviated from the current target.The main producing provinces represented by Hunan Province still need to continue to optimize the policy of direct grain subsidies in order to optimize the accuracy and effect of subsidies,from directly giving funds to subsidizing farmers’ human capital improvement and arable land quality improvement exploration;from the universal benefit system to promote multiple forms of food production and service moderate scale operation.Optimize the allocation of food production resources and factors to improve the economic operation of food production.