Research On The Operation Mechanism And Optimization Of Mutual Assistance Elderly Care In Village-level Happiness Homes In Xingyi City, Guizhou Provinc

China officially entered the age of aging at the beginning of the 21 st century,and the aging trend has accelerated in recent years.Under the unprecedented social changes and wave of urbanization,the problems of empty nesters and left-behind elderly people in rural areas have become increasingly prominent.The issue of rural elderly care has become an important issue related to the stable development of society and the steady advancement of the rural revitalization strategy.In the context of the decline of family pension functions and the unaffordability of institutional pensions,rural mutual-aid pensions have gradually emerged as a positive new pension method and have been vigorously promoted in China.However,restricted by factors such as geographical factors,the strength of mutual aid culture,and the management model,it is difficult to promote mutual aid for the aged in the vast rural areas.Xingyi City,Guizhou Province,as a typical mountain city,has a late start of the mutual aid pension model and has a "congenital" development dilemma.The villages under its jurisdiction are quite different in terms of development level,population distribution,pension status,etc.The development of mutual-aid pension is of representative significance for improving rural pension security system.At the same time,as the main carrier of the rural mutual-aid care model in Xingyi area,the village-level happiness home is an important index of the development trend of the mutual aid care in rural areas in my country.First of all,this paper is supported by the theory of active aging,social embeddedness,and welfare pluralism,and conducts in-depth dialogue with the latest literature results and relevant policy guidelines in China.Make clear definitions.Secondly,by using research methods such as in-depth interviews and questionnaires,it presents a panoramic view of the development of village-level mutual aid and happiness homes in Xingyi area,and divides its operation into four major mechanisms according to the key process.After in-depth investigation,it was found that the village-level mutual aid and happiness homes in Xingyi area have problems with poor operation mechanism,which are manifested in the unstable resource supply mechanism,the insufficient development of the mutual aid participation mechanism,the imperfect service management mechanism,and the insufficient support of the auxiliary association mechanism.And based on the field research results to explore the reasons for the above problems.Furthermore,this paper sorts out the relatively mature rural mutual-aid pension practice in China,summarizes the successful experience of the two classic models of Weinan in Shaanxi and Handan in Hebei,and provides reference for the further development of village-level happiness homes in Xingyi City.Finally,combined with the actual situation in rural areas of Xingyi,the general principles and specific measures for optimizing the operation mechanism of village-level happiness homes are put forward: taking the principles of overall consideration,adapting measures to local conditions,multiple subjects,and long-term sustainability;strengthening government policy support and promoting the transformation of mutual assistance and participation.Upgrade;attract professional seniors to participate in management,enhance the professionalism and standardization of mutual-aid senior care services;innovate the local economic development mode,strengthen social auxiliary forces,and jointly promote the effective development of the village mutual aid happiness home.