Research On Closed-loop Supply Chain Decision-making Considering Recycling Competition

The rapid development of the global economy and modern technology has significantly increased the replacement speed of electrical and electronic equipment,resulting in a sharp increase in the total amount of waste electrical and electronic products,environmental pollution and high carbon emissions,which directly threaten people’s lives and homes.Due to its characteristics of improving resource utilization and reducing production costs,recycling and remanufacturing has become an important strategic choice for many electrical and electronic enterprises.Many countries and regions have introduced relevant policies and measures to incorporate remanufacturing into enterprise management regulations and promote producer responsibility.Extended(EPR)mode.The producer is responsible for the entire life cycle of the product,especially the recycling stage,which can effectively improve the efficiency of the recycling market.However,the benefits of the recycling market have attracted more supply chain members to join,and multiple parties recycle the same type of products,making recycling competition inevitable.In order to better guide competition and improve product recycling rates,how the government sets a better regulatory environment needs to consider many practical factors.Therefore,this paper takes the closed-loop supply chain as the research topic,includes manufacturers and retailers as key components of the closed-loop supply chain,starts with the competition of recycling channels,and explores the problem of closed-loop supply chain decision-making under anarchy,subsidy regulation,and reward and punishment regulation.Firstly,this document clarifies the background to waste recycling and the model of EPR and establishes pricing and coordination of the closed-loop supply chain,closed-loop supply chain network balance,recycling subject model,and government participation forms related to this research.The current situation of foreign research,to find the direction that can be further researched.Then,the influence of recycling competition on the optimal decision of closed-loop supply chain system is studied from the perspectives of centralized and decentralized decision-making.After having a comprehensive understanding of the impact of recycling competition,we further analyze and compare the impact of considering recycling competition on decision-making changes in closed-loop supply chains under different government regulatory environments.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)By comparing the optimization decisions of closed-loop supply chain under different competition conditions,the results show that in the process of recycling,the competition of enterprises will make the wholesale price and retail price of commodities rise continuously,while the recycling rate is decreasing continuously.And when the level of competition in the recycling market continues to increase,the recycling rate,revenue,market demand and social welfare in the closed-loop supply chain will decrease,and the competition in the recycling market will always bring negative effects to the closed-loop supply chain system.(2)The government regulates the recycling market with subsidy policies,and the recycling rate,income and social welfare of the closed-loop supply chain have all increased,which are positively related to the subsidy intensity.Government subsidies can effectively guide the operation of the recycling market and enhance the recycling power of manufacturers and retailers,thereby indirectly increasing the recycling subsidies received by consumers.(3)The government regulates the recycling market with policies of rewards and punishments,resulting in a corresponding reduction in wholesale and retail prices,an increase in the recycling rate of waste products and product sales,and a further increase in corporate income and social welfare.The level of government incentives and penalties affects the relationship between retailers and manufacturers’ recycling rates.The standard recycling rate set by the government only affects the manufacturer’s income and social welfare.When the standard recycling rate is slowly increased,the manufacturer’s income and social welfare will decrease.(4)Comparing and analyzing different models of government regulation environment,it can be found that,in general,government reward and punishment regulation is better than subsidy regulation.It shows that the reward and punishment policy can better guide the recycling market to transform into healthy competition.This conclusion can not only provide a reference for the enterprise’s policy formulation,but also provide a reference for the government’s social welfare level.