Study On Heterogeneity Impacts Of Comprehensive Bonded Zone To Regional Economy

With the deepening of world economic integration,China is opening up in more different fields and ways.China has set up a variety of special customs supervision zones,including bonded zones,export processing zones and bonded port zones.The number of Comprehensive Bonded Zone(CBZ),as "domestic and foreign" special zones with Chinese characteristics,is increasing year by year.Most of the non-comprehensive bonded zones also increase their functions and gradually upgrade and transform into CBZ.The CBZ is one of the important platforms for each region and the whole country to realize foreign trade and economic development,and plays an momentous part in the overall economic expansion of the local and the country.The economic growth,the ability to attract foreign investment and the level of foreign trade of different area with CBZ show heterogeneity.In order to find out the reasons of the heterogeneous influences,firstly,this paper uses theoretical analysis to study the overall economic impact of the comprehensive bonded zone,and finds that factors such as different regions,types and scales will affect the economic effect of CBZ;Secondly,various factors are classified to get the mechanism of the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors of CBZ on regional economy.Thirdly,the list of nationwide CBZ in 2019 is adopted to collect panel data of cities where the CBZ are located from 2006 to 2019 for empirical analysis.Finally,the empirical results are analyzed and the case study is used to reflect the heterogeneous effects.The conclusions are as follows:First of all,different endogenous and external factors in the CBZ will indeed have a different impact on regional economy.Secondly,the mechanism of the impact of endogenous and external factors is mainly through the paths of the spatial aggregation effect and the upgrading effect of industrial structure.Last but not least,the empirical results and case analysis of the CBZ verify that,(1)in terms of regional economic growth,the physical scale and economic scale of the CBZ will have a positive impact on regional economic growth,while the impact of different regions,different administrative levels and different types of the CBZ will be different.In addition to the endogenous factors,exogenous factors,such as local economic growth potential,foreign trade level,foreign investment attraction level,industrialization level and governance capacity will also have a different impact on the regional economic growth with the differences of the CBZ.(2)In terms of regional foreign investment attraction,the physical scale of the CBZ influence the enhancement of regional foreign investment attraction capacity in an optimistic way.And the level of foreign trade,labor force,transportation development and innovation capacity of the region where the CBZ is located also have a significant impact on its foreign investment attraction capacity.With different regions,administrative levels and types of CBZ,endogenous factors and exogenous factors will also have different impacts.(3)In the promotion of regional foreign trade,the physical scale and economic scale of the CBZ will effect it with an optimistic way.The attraction of foreign capital,the developed degree of transportation and the potential of economic growth in the area where the CBZ is located will also have a certain degree of influence on this aspect.These endogenous and exogenous factors will have different degrees of influence with the different standard division of the CBZ.Based on the consideration of the domestic and international environment,this paper puts forward suggestions in order to promote the CBZ to exert its economic advantages.From the classified view,first,the eastern region focus on physical scale,government governance capacity,transportation level construction and labor cost reduction;while,the central and western ones the upgrading of economic scale and industrialization.Second,first-tier cities should enhance their soft power.The second-and third-tier cities promote the economic role of the CBZ by improving the level of industrialization,transportation and innovation capacity.Thirdly,the physical scale of the industry-dependent CBZ should be expanded as much as possible,and the development of innovation ability should be emphasized.The level of industrialization should be improved through technological development and innovation.Border port CBZ and large project-dependent CBZ should attach importance to government governance ability.From the integral view,first,each region should make long-term and high-quality development plans for its CBZ.Second,each region should build industry chain.Third,each region should practice institutional innovation,and build the CBZ which is applicable to the world standards.