Research On Business Environment Of China’s High-tech Industry

As a strategic leading industry to promote the development of the national economy,high-tech industry can promote sustained and rapid economic growth,optimize the economic structure,and promote industrial upgrading.Therefore,local governments will make bigger and stronger high-tech industry as a priority to promote economic development.Similar to traditional industries,the development of high-tech industry is closely related to the comprehensive operation of production factors such as labor,land,capital and technology.Among various factors,innovation and R & D are the key factors to promote the development of high-tech industry.For high-tech industry,good business environment is conducive to its infrastructure construction,enhance the competitiveness of related enterprises,and can improve the productivity and creativity of high-tech industry,so as to promote the healthy and sustainable high-quality development of hightech industry.By combing the current business environment literature and the characteristics of high-tech industry,this paper designs the evaluation index system of business environment of high-tech industry from four dimensions,including business factors,R&D investment,innovation achievements and policy support,and then calculates the score and ranking of each province by the entropy TOPSIS method.On this basis,regional measures such as hierarchical clustering,discrete coefficients,kernel density estimation,Thiel index,Moran index,and spatial autocorrelation analysis are used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution patterns of the business environment index of high-tech industries.The results show that(1)among the four dimensions constructed,the weights are ranked from largest to smallest: business factors > innovation achievements > R&D investment > policy support.In the construction of business environment of high-tech industry in China,the business factors of each region are the primary factors affecting the development of business environment of high-tech industry.(2)According to the results of hierarchical cluster analysis,the 30 provinces can be divided into three categories--low,medium and high.Among them,Beijing,Shanghai and Guangdong are classified into high level clusters,Tianjin,Shaanxi,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Sichuan,Chongqing,Xinjiang,Fujian and Hainan are classified into medium level clusters,and the remaining regions have relatively poor levels of business environment for high-tech industries.(3)From the results of the time-series trend analysis,there is σconvergence in the whole country as well as in the three regions of East,Central and West,and the differences in the business environment of high-tech industries in the regions are gradually reduced.From the results of kernel density estimation,the business environment index of high-tech industry in the country,east,central and western regions show a trend of improvement year by year and the unevenness of each province is gradually reduced;the development of business environment of high-tech industry in the country,east and central is polarized but the trend is weakening,and the polarization trend in western region is becoming more and more obvious.(4)From the results of regional analysis,the business environment index of high-tech industry in east,central and west regions have obvious ladder-like distribution characteristics,showing the development pattern of "east leads,west follows and central is weak".The overall difference of the business environment index of high-tech industry mainly comes from the intra-regional difference,and the contribution rate of intra-regional difference tends to increase with the change of time.In terms of the contribution of the differences among the three regions,the difference contribution rate of the eastern region is the largest,the western region is the second and the central region is the smallest.(5)From the dimensional analysis,it can be seen that the business environment index of high technology industry in each province shows the evolution trend of improving year by year and there is the problem of unbalanced regional development.There are four poles in the spatial distribution of business environment of high-tech industry: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,Yangtze River Delta region,Guangdong and Shaanxi;Shanghai,Beijing and Tianjin are in the top in business factors dimension;Guangdong,Jiangsu and Zhejiang are in the top in R&D investment;Guangdong,Jiangsu and Shanghai are in the top three in innovation achievements;Beijing,Shaanxi,Shanghai and Sichuan have the highest degree of policy support.(6)From the spatial autocorrelation results,the spatial layout of the business environment of high-tech industries in each province has deepened the similar aggregation degree.Most provinces are distributed in the first and third quadrants with significant positive correlation.2011-2015,the stability of spatial correlation structure of business environment of high-tech industry in eastern provinces is weaker than that in central and western provinces.2015-2019,the stability of spatial correlation structure of business environment of high-tech industry in eastern provinces is stronger than that in central and western provinces.In view of the research findings,this paper proposes the following suggestions:(1)The development of high-tech industry should be "grasped with two hands".One hand should focus on the soft environment,such as improving the degree of marketization and openness of high-tech industry development;the other hand should focus on the hard foundation,such as improving the level of financial service facilities and environmental management of high-tech industry.(2)The government should do a good job as an active guide and facilitator of high-tech enterprises.The central government and local government should actively guide the high-tech industry to do a good job in transforming innovation results and improving the enthusiasm of enterprise innovation and production.(3)High-tech enterprises can actively cooperate with relevant universities and research institutes to explore the mode of joint training of professional talents,reduce the recruitment cost of talents and improve the technical level of talents.Likewise,enterprises can set up R&D departments for receiving government high-tech bidding tasks to improve the level of funding for their own research projects.(4)The government should encourage reasonable and orderly flow from regions with good business environment for high technology to regions with poor business environment,and drive coordinated development between regions.A regional support system can be set up for high-tech enterprises to provide "peer-to-peer" support,so as to drive disadvantages with advantages and narrow regional differences.