A Study On The Poverty Reduction Effect Of Urban And Rural Residents’ Pension Insurance On Old Age Poverty

Poverty is a social problem faced by all countries in the world,and the elimination or reduction of poverty is a common global goal.By the end of 2020,China will have achieved the poverty eradication targets set for the 13 th Five-Year Plan period and completely eliminated absolute poverty,but this does not mean that the problem of poverty has been completely solved.The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19 th Central Committee also clearly proposed to decisively win the battle against poverty,consolidate the results of poverty eradication and establish a long-term mechanism to deal with relative poverty.Against the background of increasing ageing and the weakening of the family pension function,the elderly,a vulnerable group,still face a higher risk of falling into poverty due to their own characteristics.At the same time,as the dual structure between urban and rural areas in China has not yet been completely eliminated,there is a strong heterogeneity in relative poverty between urban and rural areas,with the problem of relative poverty in rural areas being more serious.The implementation and development of the basic pension insurance system for urban and rural residents,which is one of the main systems for poverty reduction,will inevitably have an impact on the poverty status of the elderly.Therefore,it is of great theoretical value and practical importance to study the poverty reduction effect of the elderly under the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents.Based on the 2018 China Health and Retirement Survey(CHARLS)data and the theoretical mechanism of poverty alleviation through pension insurance,this paper measures the multidimensional relative poverty in urban and rural areas using an A-F model.On this basis,it uses a binary logistic regression model to systematically assess the impact of basic pension insurance for urban and rural residents on multidimensional relative poverty among the elderly,and passes the robustness test of the public policy classification model.The PSM robustness test was conducted to rule out any possible endogeneity problems in the model.The study concludes that : Overall,basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents has a significant poverty reduction effect,but this effect is relatively small;By urban and rural area,participation in urban and rural residential insurance can have a small poverty reduction effect,with the probability of poverty decreasing by 0.024% for urban elderly and 0.037% for rural elderly for each one percentage point increase in the pension level;By dimension,urban and rural residential insurance has a better poverty reduction effect on the dimension of social participation By dimension,urban and rural elderly are better off on the dimension of social participation,the dimension of income is more effective than urban elderly,the dimension of living conditions is more effective than rural elderly,and the dimension of health and subjective attitudes has no significant effect.This may be influenced by urban and rural residents’ low awareness of insurance participation,low coverage of urban and rural residential insurance,low level of pension contributions,low level of protection and the substitution effect of children’s pension,which objectively decrease the poverty-reducing effect of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents.