Research On The Impact Of Rural Social Insurance On Livelihood Capital From The Perspective Of Poverty Reduction

During the past "13th Five Year Plan" period,China’s economic operation was generally stable,the economic structure continued to optimize,and economic and social development made all-round historical achievements.Among them,the fight against poverty has won a integrated victory.However,this is not the end of China’s poverty work.During the "Fourteenth Five Year Plan" period,it was pointed out that the consolidation and expansion of poverty alleviation achievements should be effectively linked with rural revitalization.As a key part of targeted poverty alleviation policy,the design of rural social insurance system,which is mainly composed of new rural social endowment insurance and new rural cooperative medical insurance,plays an important role in supporting social security at the critical stage of poverty alleviation in China.In the new era of comprehensive poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,the various livelihood risks faced by rural residents in the poverty stage are different from those faced after poverty alleviation.Whether the current rural social insurance system can continue to provide policy support function and keep the bottom line of not large-scale poverty return is the key issue for in-depth research on rural social insurance in the new era.The sustainable livelihood analysis method studies the path for the poor to get rid of poverty and achieve sustainable livelihood from the perspective of development.This thesis concentrate on the effect of rural social insurance on poverty reduction.On account of the research of relevant literature,and guided by public goods theory,income redistribution theory,full life cycle theory and other important theories,this paper first reveals the importance of rural social insurance for targeted poverty alleviation and rural revitalization by analyzing the evolution process and development status of rural social insurance in China;Secondly,according to the analysis framework of sustainable livelihoods,it clarifies the causal relationship between the increase of livelihood capital and the interruption of poverty return,and clarifies the impact mechanism of rural social insurance on livelihood capital from the three dimensions of improving the vulnerability background,the interaction between system and capital,and changing livelihood strategies and livelihood output;Thirdly,measure the poverty vulnerability and comprehensive livelihood capital of rural residents in the China Family Tracking Survey(CFPS)from 2010 to 2020,empirically test the impact of rural social insurance on the comprehensive livelihood capital of rural residents with different vulnerabilities,and conduct regional analysis.Finally,according to the theoretical analysis and empirical research,the paper puts forward policy recommendations to help link the overall poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,and improve the design of rural social insurance system.The main research conclusions are as follows:First,theoretical research found that rural social insurance achieved sustainable growth of livelihood capital and rational allocation of capital structure from three dimensions: interaction with livelihood capital,change of livelihood capital strategy,and improvement of vulnerability background,and finally achieved the goal of poverty reduction.Second,rural social insurance has different blocking effects on rural residents with different endowments,which can more effectively block the risk of returning to poverty of rural residents with inferior initial endowments.Third,the impact of rural social insurance on different livelihood capital is different.The new rural insurance and the new rural cooperative medical system all promote the transformation of financial capital to other four types of capital.Fourthly,the blocking effect of rural social insurance on returning to poverty has regional heterogeneity.In the context of assessing the risk of returning to poverty based on livelihood sustainability,The probability of rural residents returning to poverty after participating in the new rural cooperative medical system in the eastern region is significantly reduced,and the decline is greater than that in non-eastern regions.However,although the probability of returning to poverty of rural residents in the eastern region after participating in the new rural cooperative medical insurance has also decreased significantly,the decline is less than that in non-eastern regions.Combining the sustainable livelihood analysis framework and poverty vulnerability,this paper clarifies the causal relationship between the growth of livelihood capital and the blockage of returning to poverty,and attempts to take the rural residents’ livelihood capital as the research object to analyze the effects of rural social insurance on the livelihood capital of rural residents with different endowments.It makes some supplements to the research on rural social insurance and the blockage of returning to poverty,which has some new ideas.At the same time,based on the empirical analysis with rural residents as the main body,it not only verifies that rural social insurance can enhance the livelihood capital of rural residents to achieve poverty reduction,but also reveals the different transmission paths of the impact of rural social insurance on various vulnerable rural residents.It supplys a decision basis to improve and continue to implement rural social insurance,,and achieve the effective connection between comprehensive poverty eradication and rural revitalization.