Study On The Net Effect Of The Reform Of The Purchase And Storage System On The Efficiency Of Resource Allocation In Corn Productio

Between the production and consumption of food,storage plays an important role as a "reservoir" for maintaining national food security.In order to solve the marketing problems of agricultural products,stabilise market supply and protect farmers’ income,the temporary storage policy for maize was implemented in 2008 in the northeastern region,and the allocation of resources in the factor market was guided by the policy;in2016,the temporary storage policy for maize was reformed to a policy of separation of price and compensation,and the market played a leading role in the allocation of resources.In the context of the state’s strong advocacy of "market-based allocation of factors",it is important to focus on the impact of the reform of the maize storage system on the allocation structure and efficiency of factors,and to explore the path of highquality development of the maize industry.Firstly,the article systematically reviews the policy background,objectives and implementation process of China’s maize storage system in different periods,and compares the spatial and temporal evolution pattern of China’s maize production,from which differences in characteristics between different stages and regions are identified.Secondly,the article constructs a C-D form of production function and measures the total factor productivity of maize production in China through a stochastic frontier model,and on this basis decomposes the allocation efficiency,which can measure the overall level of factor allocation,and the mismatch index,which can measure the allocation of individual production factors,and analyses them descriptively.Further,using a double difference model in causal inference,the article considers the temporary storage policy and the reformed price/repayment policy as two quasi-natural experiments to investigate the net effect of the two on the allocation efficiency of maize production resources.Finally,the article proposes feasible policy recommendations in response to the above findings.The study shows that:(1)China’s total maize production and sown area have shown a trend of rising and then falling since 2000,and the centre of gravity of China’s maize production has gradually shifted to the northeast,with Heilongjiang becoming the largest maize production base in China.(2)The improvement in resource allocation efficiency is an important source of total factor productivity growth in maize.Since2005,the level of allocation efficiency in the Yellow and Huaihua,Southwest and Northwest production areas has increased year by year,while the level of allocation efficiency in the Northeast production area gradually decreased from 2005 to 2014,and then improved due to the reform of the temporary storage policy in this area.(3)The mismatch level of labour and fertilizer in maize production is the highest,and the mismatch of the remaining factors of production is not obvious,while the mismatch index of labour is negative and the mismatch index of the remaining input factors is positive.The effective means to improve the allocation efficiency of maize production resources is to reduce labour input and increase the relative input of other material factors.(4)The temporary storage policy and the price subsidy separation policy both have significant negative effects on the allocation efficiency of maize resources,and the inhibitory effect of the price subsidy separation policy on the allocation efficiency is on average 2% less than that of the temporary storage policy on the allocation efficiency.The policy reform has had a limited effect on guiding farmers in the implementation areas to reduce maize cultivation.In view of this,in order to optimise the allocation of maize resources and ensure the sustainable development of China’s maize industry,we should continue to adhere to the market-oriented reform direction of the harvesting and storage system in the future and play the leading role of the market in the allocation of resources;enhance the rationality of maize producer subsidies by revising the subsidy standards,establishing differentiated subsidy schemes and improving the information transmission system to make up for the shortcomings in the reform of the maize harvesting and storage system;and encourage the participation of diversified The participation of harvesting entities,giving full play to the role of quality orientation on industrial development,improving the science,precision and effectiveness of policies,and balancing the relationship between macro policy regulation and allocation efficiency enhancement.