| Vegetable industry are the dominant industry in Guyuan County.The development of vegetable has always been an issue that the government and various departments attach great importance to face.How to better solve the problem of vegetable production,circulation,soil fertility and water resources is still a long-term problem in Guyuan County.Through literature research,outdoor field sampling and indoor interview,questionnaire survey,comparative analysis and other research methods,this paper conducted a detailed study on the current situation and development suggestions of vegetable production in Guyuan County,the current situation and existing problems of soil and water resources utilization in Guyuan County and suggestions on rational utilization,and analyzed the influence of farmer’s behavior on green vegetable production.The main conclusions are as follows.(1)The vegetable industry in Guyuan County had developed from planting fewer varieties,small planting scale and relatively dispersed to a rapid development stage of off-season vegetables.In 2021,the vegetable sown area and total production reached the maximum,which were 1.77×10~4hm~2and 82.53×10~4t respectively,occupying an important position in the vegetable supply of Zhangjiakou City and even the whole province.(2)In Guyuan County,vegetable planting was mainly in open land and kept above91%.Erdaoqu Township has the largest vegetable planting area,with an area of 2606hm~2.The analysis of vegetable planting varieties in Guyuan County showed that broccoli,cabbage,cabbage,cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables were the main planting varieties,and the planting scale of vegetables such as bean,lettuce and baby cabbage was also considerable.(3)Guyuan County was a resource-based water shortage area,the total available water resources in the county were 10529×10~4m~3,the total surface water resources were 5798×10~4m~3,and the mining output of groundwater were 4731×10~4m~3,the per capita share of water resources was relatively low,only 628 m~3,less than 1/3 of the national per capita share;The total water consumption in Guyuan County was 4436×10~4m~3,among which agricultural water consumption was 3385×10~4m~3,accounting for76.30%of the total.In addition,90%of the water supply comed from groundwater supply,which led to serious exploitation of local groundwater,and the water resource situation was not optimistic.(4)The average p H value and electrical conductivity of open field in Guyuan County were 8.01,225.82μs/cm,and the average contents of organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were 22.09g/kg,81.15 mg/kg,45.37 mg/kg and 226.50 mg/kg,respectively.At the same time,the contents of soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium showed an obvious accumulation trend with the increase of vegetable planting years in Guyuan County,which would lead to potential environmental risks.With the increase of planting years,soil p H decreased and soil structure deteriorated.(5)According to 320 questionnaire survey data in Guyuan County,the aging degree of farmers was relatively high,and they were generally less educated but had been engaged in agriculture for a long time.Farmers could realize the importance of organic fertilizer application in vegetable planting,among which the number of people applying organic fertilizer once a year was the largest,but the methods of returning farmland and random disposal were still used in the treatment of tail vegetables.Farmers in Guyuan County were most concerned about disease and pest control in vegetable planting.Many farmers have received agricultural technology training,but the most popular form of training for farmers was field lectures.In short,the vegetable industry in Guyuan County shows a good development trend on the whole,but its restricting factors should not be underestimated.It still faces problems such as too large vegetable planting area,insufficient water resources,deteriorating soil quality year by year,serious aging of vegetable growers,low level of education,and relatively simple treatment methods,etc.It is necessary to put forward countermeasures for the restricting factors of the development of vegetable industry in Guyuan County:Study and construct new pattern of vegetable industry;Focus on the development of efficient water-saving vegetable industry;Saving fertilizer and medicine,developing green planting;Strengthen the publicity and education of farmers and technical training,so as to closely link the Guyuan industry planning,vegetable industry layout. |
