| With the introduction of relevant national policy "Several Opinions on Further Strengthening Service and Management in Geological Exploration Industry","Guidance on Promoting Reform and Development of State-owned Geological Exploration Units","Prospecting Breakthrough Strategy for the Platform for Action (2011-2020)", geological exploration units (enterprises) in the market wave are undergoing a profound transformational change, the competitive environment has been changed from the closed competitive environment, to the open environment of competition. The competition is intense more than ever as foreign invested enterprises, private enterprises, mining companies and other enterprises of different nature and scale can participate in the open environment of both abroad and at home. As to geological exploration units, this is a huge challenge and a strategic opportunity of development as well.In order to maintain the favorable position in fierce competition, the assist of informatization is a necessity for geological exploration units. Through informatization, the geological exploration units can greatly accelerate the speed of information processing, increase productivity, and assist managerial decision-making. In daily work, with the supporting of information systems, mistakes probably made by men can be reduced, and the accuracy of work flow as well as the data calculated can be improved. Moreover, in the market competition, we can also benefit from the information systems in terms of analyzing historical data, collecting existing data, seeking new business opportunities, and increasing the enterprise’s market responsiveness and competitiveness.Currently, every geological exploration unit has accumulated a lot of valuable geological data during their long-term geological exploration work. Since the transforming stage is coming, the annual data of geological projects are increasing as well, for example:project data, geological data, trenching data, exploratory shaft data, adit prospecting data, drilling data, geophysical prospecting data, chemical prospecting data, remote sensing data, process regulatory data, etc. These data are mostly fragmented stored in various places, and years of accumulating formed the numerous quantities of data. This brings a lot of trouble to the management. With the deepening development of geological exploration unit informatization, more and more management systems are being used in enterprises. The lack of overall understanding and command of the information system structures and implementation, contribute to the lack of overall consistency and system coordination of information construction. Data cannot be interoperated in the relatively independent systems. During the process of geological exploration data integration, there are some general problems:(1) Complexity of data presentation. Sources and the access of data are various, the heterogeneity, as well as the nature of multi-semantic are obviously existed. Also due to the long period of project implementing, data acquired obtains the nature of multi-space-time, and multi-scale.(2) Complexity of data exchange. With the penetration into geological prospecting construction and the increasingly intense competition, the cooperation among geological prospecting units becomes closer and closer. Subsequently, the range of data exchange is gradually expanded, and means of data exchange involved are diversified, such as offline, WAN, and etc.(3) Issue of data update, upgrade, and synchronization. Every system in geological exploration units is faced with update and upgrade problems due to the numerous numbers of systems. If data is modified during the upgrade, the exchange system which is developed dased on the origin data structure would fail to work properly.(4) Issue of non-structural data utilization. Large amounts of pictures, audio, video, documents, maps produced in the field work are difficult to be managed by the structural information system. However, these data are valuable to mineral resources evaluation, project management, and result management.Theoretically, the current research on data integration of geological prospecting industry is rare, the theoretical framework of system construction hasn’t been unified, especially in our economic environment and management systems, how to use the data to better serve geological exploration industry, the theory and reality is seriously disconnected. There are many professional software applications in the geological prospecting industry, but seldom research on the integration system covering the main business of the geological prospecting projects work. Confront these problems, this dissertation researches on multi-source heterogeneous data integration technology in geological exploration industry. Thus builds a data integration theory based on data center service-oriented architecture, comprehensively covers the main flow business of geological exploration. The study has done a useful exploration for the data integration of the geological exploration industry. And has important guiding significance to integration and management of multi-source heterogeneous geological prospecting data and mining analysis applications in enterprise and public institution enterprises.Through this study, geological exploration units can integrate various types of data, implement integrated storage, management, and use of data, provide sharing and interaction between the various systems, provide data support for geological prospecting operations management and decision analysis. It has profound practical significance for formulating development strategies, improving management efficiency, and preventing project risks in geological exploration units.Specific research work as follows:(1) Review and analysis of multi-source heterogeneous data integration technology, and the current research status of data integration technologies for geological exploration industry. Analyze incidence relation of business and data from the perspective of the geological prospecting business activity model and structure model and clarify geological prospecting data from multiple sources. Classify geological prospecting data resources into business type and structural type, and elaborate the distinction among system heterogeneity, structure heterogeneity, syntax heterogeneity, and semantic heterogeneity of geological prospecting data. For multi-source heterogeneous geological prospecting data, analyze and propose the needs of data integration that should be met, in order to guide and design the data integration system that correspond the requirement of geological exploration unit.(2) Research on the ontology modeling of geological exploration of multi-source heterogeneous data. In order to solve the problem of semantic heterogeneity in data integration, to define the data model in data representation stage is needed. This dissertation introduces ontology modeling approach to data integration field of geological prospecting, geological exploration domain ontology is constructed. Formal concept analysis of geological prospecting data, defines the geological prospecting body GeoExploration-ontology, then semantically analyze and formal describe it. Thus establishes a framework for geological prospecting information ontology classification, and use OWL language for formalization. Finally, associate the ontology and data source, studies the mapping relationship between the two, and laid the foundation for the later data exchange semantic matching.(3) Research on multi-source heterogeneous geological prospecting data integration model. On the basis of analyzing the existing data integration model, combined with service-oriented architecture theory, proposed the system architecture which is based on data central model, and suitable for the integration of multi-source heterogeneous geological exploration data. On this basis, commencing middleware technology based data warehousing services and warehouse services that can be flexibly customized. Deeply analyze the hierarchy of the integrated system, and classify and process geological prospecting data into three informational levels. Also, in order to enhance system scalability and interoperability, and tailor geological prospecting data sharing and interoperability mechanisms. Hence supply the underlying support for data display, query, and analysis in the application stage of data integration.(4) Research on the exchange technology of multi-source heterogeneous geological exploration data. First, analyze the geological prospecting data exchange system and the needs of data exchange in each system, propose XML-based data exchange model. Develop data exchange intermediate files suitable for geological exploration industry, with the data checking, mapping, cleaning, loading, etc., achieve data exchange. Then research and develop data checking rules, propose data mapping method based on ontology patterns. Use semantic similarity matching technique to calculate the ontology mapping, and achieved semantic annotation and data conversion generation with XML Schema and XSLT technology. Also, data cleaning and loading were studied, and a corresponding rule is proposed and developed.(5) Research on visual expression technology of geological exploration of multi-source heterogeneous data integration. After analyzing universal applied and strong performed RIA technology, focus on integration of Flex technology which advances in the combination display in multimedia, online maps, online documentation, and introduce the hypermedia data model to the field of geological prospecting to study. As to the problem of variety and performance difficulty of geological prospecting data, combine with the geographic hypermedia data model, propose geological prospecting hypermedia data model. And on the basis of this model, integration display of geological exploration data has been studied with the integration of Flex performance technology.(6) Research on prototype implementation and application in the China Non-ferrous Metal Resource Geological Survey. Build geological prospecting multi-source heterogeneous data integration prototype system based on existing research results. Expand and enhance the application function of the system’s data integration. Add the portal system, office systems, etc. Take the building of "CNMRGS geological survey operations platform" for the application case, to achieve a comprehensive application of previous research achievement. Verify the feasibility of the theory and technology, reflect the effectiveness, scalability and practicality of multi-source heterogeneous data integration technology for geological prospecting.The innovations of this dissertation lie in:(1) Introduce ontology modeling into geological prospecting data integration domain, and construct geological survey ontology. Also, define the geological prospecting ontology GeoExploration-ontology, and carry out a formal concept analysis and semantic analysis, establish the mapping relationship with the data source.(2) Propose data center model based multi-source heterogeneous geological exploration data integration model, the composition and characteristics of which are analyzed. Moreover, with the hierarchical data analysis, propose data sharing and interoperability mechanisms. Enhance the applicability and expandability of the system.(3) In the geological exploration of multi-source heterogeneous data exchange technology research, propose geological exploration data exchange intermediate file format, develop data checking rules, and build ontology-based data mapping technology.(4) Propose hypermedia data model for geological exploration, and combined with Flex rich internet application technology, achieve comprehensive expression of geological prospecting data visualization. |
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