The Present Situation And Prevent Countermeasure Research Of The Main Occupational Disease Hazards In YuYao City

Background and ObjectiveAs the Integration of International Economic,and the execution of international human rights convention like the International Covenant on Economic,Social and Cultural Rights,as well as WHO and ILO,our occupational hygiene work faces new challenge.In France,Japan,Korea and Hong Kong area,not only the number of occupational disease patents is much lower than our country,but the content the government pays attention to is also different,like working manner,noise, occupational biological factors induced illness has been paid enough attention. According to incomplete statistics,there were 676,562 cases has been reported nationwide by 2006,in which:pneumoconiosis cases of 616,442,dead cases of 146,195,and 470,247 of present diseases cases;nearly 10,000 newly discovered pneumokoniosis per year in these 15 years on average.From 1991 to 2006,there are poison cases of 38,412 in all,in which:21,482 cases of acute poisoning;16,930 cases of chronic poisoning;other case of 21,708.Experts from Chinese centre for disease control and prevention has estimated that,the total number of the occupational disease would increase in the following years.According to the rude estimation by the relative government,the direct economy lost by occupational diseases and industrial accident would reach 100 million RMB,and the indirect lost would reach 200 million.This research focus on the survey of the status quo in YuYao city of the lead, benzene,chromium,mine dust induced main occupational disease factories,including the performance of the protection measures of occupational diseases,the results of the annual inspection of workshop occupational disease induced factors,the analysis of employee healthy condition.We make clear of the status quo of the main occupational disease in YuYao city,proposed the protection strategy,and provide the evidences for the supervise job by the relative supervision departments.Materials and MethodsRandomly sampled 20 battery factories,20 painting factories,10 electroplating enterprises,30 asbestos processing enterprises,total 80 enterprise which has declared and registered to the local hygiene administration department in Yuyao city,that are the subjects of survey on main occupational diseases damage status in Yuyao city. On-site investigations:Survey and record the production process and performance of the occupational disease protection measures of the samples one by one,such as: whether the new,repaired,enlarged construction projects had been assessed of the occupational diseases damage,whether they had set up the bulletin boards for prevention of the occupational diseases,whether the poisonous harmful post had been warned,whether the toxicity and dust exhausting equipments had been set reasonably, whether the occupational diseases management had been organized,whether the protection system had been complete,the usage condition of the employees personal protection necessities,the supervisor condition of the workers and so on.On-site examinations:examine all the concentration of the occupational diseases hazard factors in the workshop of the subjects one by one.Occupational health check-up:Carry on the occupational physical examination to all the workers who contacting with the occupational diseases hazard factors.Thought the field survey,site examination and analysis of the occupational health screening result,studied the causes to explore the related protection strategies.ResultsInvestigations on current situation of the occupational hazards were performed in Yuyao city:Batteries,paint-making industry,asbestos and electroplating processing industry,which have features like large-area-scales and relatively large in number are the four enterprises that has been declared mainly causing occupational hazards.Our findings are as follows:Only 3.4%of the industries has pre-evaluated and controlled the effect evaluation according to the law;87.5%of the industries has set up the bulletin boards for prevention of the occupational diseases;88.8%of the industries has set up the warning signals;in 75.3%of industries,the employees know about the hazard factors in his position;76.3%of the industries has set up the occupational diseases prevention and treatment organizations;in 80.0%of the industries the system of prevention and treatment is comparatively perfection;39.7%of the industries equipped with effective detoxification,dust emission devices;in 50.3%of the industries,the employees wear anti-virus,dust-proof masks;the healthy check-up rate of the operation workers is 40.4%before work and 11.3%after work;during the survey, 46.5%of the checked persons has been list as observe the results as a target,poisoning or other related Symptoms of proportion operators.ConclusionsSurvey results show that we should not be optimistic of the YuYao city's major occupational hazards.The reason is that:the following four factors all have the relationship with the results above:the awareness of the occupation disease prevention of the employers are weak;the awareness of self-protection of the employees are weak; the government do not pay enough attention;and relevant departments have not yet formed an occupational disease prevention and treatment efforts.According to the survey results we suggest to improve the status of the YuYao city's main occupational hazard prevention and control of the response as follows:The government should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases issue,such as establishing occupational diseases prevention organization, making a good plan on preventing and treating the occupational diseases,practicing the assessment on occupational diseases prevention and treatment,enhancing the propaganda at the governmental level,increasing the government financial input, and avoiding "local protectionism" and so on.The related departments should enhance the cooperation to take the responsibility.Prevent the disease from the source,and check pre-assessment and evaluation of the control effectiveness of the occupational hazards strictly;solve the problems on legislation level,clear the legal concept,adjust some unreasonable legal provisions which restraint the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases;straighten out the occupational diseases monitoring teams to avoid the separation responsibility from power;change the existing general occupational disease prevention and control regulation,establish an occupational disease prevention and treatment monitoring quantitative evaluation of the classification system.