The Characteristics Of Loneliness Among Adolescents And The Effect Of Painting Group Intervention

Regarding UCLA Loneliness Scale as a measuring tool,this study was conducted with two aims.(1)To explore the traits of adolescents' loneliness.(2)To discuss the question of whether the painting group counseling intervention works on adolescents'loneliness,the effect of the intervention and how it works.Study one and study two were regarded as preparation of Study three and four.In study one,adolescents from age 15 to 18(925 questionnaires are valid)in a school from Shandong province were investigated,whose age,gender,family and grade,etc differences on loneliness were also analyzed.In study two,24 students(whose grade is above 51.124)were chosen to be interviewed,whose interview data and paintings were collected to be analyzed to explore the traits and their painting characteristics.Two studies were used to select subjects and form painting group intervention plan for formal studies.In study three,12 students were assigned to the intervention group,the other 12 were in the control group.Students in the intervention group accepted the painting group counseling intervention,which was carried out twice a week,lasting six weeks,and the control group was not intervened.Then the effects of the intervention group and the control group were compared with the assistant of data and paintings.In study four,12 students in intervention group were interviewed,and the pre and post interview materials were compared to make sure the traits of loneliness,the achievements of intervention and the way of change.Main results are as follows:1.Subjects with high level loneliness account for 16%.2.Loneliness of students in grade three is higher than those in grade two,whose grade is higher than grade one,and the differences has statistical significance.3.Loneliness of students from single parent family is higher than others,and the differences has statistical significance.4.Loneliness has no gender and age differences,and it also has no differences between urban and rural,single-child family and others,class leaders and others,students live in school and live home.5.Compared with the control group,the loneliness grade of the intervention group declines,and the differences has statistical significance.6.Loneliness of adolescents is covert and unstable.7.Analyzing the feature of painting,researcher can observe the slim person with no hands or feet,the short distance between two people,and the dim,light trace.8.The effect of intervention reflects in changing of three aspects:cognition,the management to bad emotion and difficulties in interpersonal relationships,it is also reflected in their paintings.9.The painting group counseling intervention works through transforming adolescents' cognition,improving their interpersonal skill and changing their interpersonal relationship status.The main conclusions are as follows:By changing adolescents' cognition,emotion and interpersonal relationship,painting group counseling based on adolescents' trait of loneliness can improve their loneliness,which can be seen in interview and the paintings.The intervention works through transforming adolescents' cognition,improving their interpersonal skill and changing their interpersonal relationship status.