A Preliminary Study On Modernization Risk

The research on risk and its theory is one of the new hot topics in the recent academic field. Numerous valuable progresses have been made, while the study on modernization risk is comparatively rare. Furthermore, it's very short of comprehensive and systematic study on it, which leads to the theory of modernization risk lags too much behind the practice of modernization.The principle goal of dissertation is to pose a clear concept of modernization risk and to clarify its connotation. In this paper, the framework of the theory of modernization risk has been set up. The nature, the characteristics, the cause-and-effect and the avoilding measures on the research of modernization risk have been taken as purposes in the dissertation, while taking an advantage of many kinds of principles and theories, such as philosophy, sociology, economics, politics and so on. It also takes a cross-disciplinary method to unite the history and logic, theory and practice, while in line with the Chinese modernization practice. The correlation problems have been put forward and researched in it by using the comprehensive measures of multi-disciplines, multi-sights and so on.In the thesis, we have to switch to another view if we want to overcome the difficulty in the actual research on the modernization risk.Therefore, the awareness of modernization risk has been got from looking backward the risk histories, and teasing the risk research theories. In the light of post-modernization and ecological modernization, it combines the concept of risk and modernization into a particular concept, that is modernization risk, and then it gives the philosophical definition of it. Then the modernization risk has been clarified under the help of relative theories of Beck, Giddens and Lash.The modernization risk has been discussed deeply and systematicly from vairous ways, such as the scientific and technologic risk, cultural risk, politic risk, economic risk and social risk, and so on.After recalling the fortune and disaster brought by science and technology to the humankind, it exhibits the risk of science and technology. Through the examples in the fields of scientific and technologic risks, and also delineates the characterics of it, that is, the unexpectedness, potentiality, the graveness of the results and the function of amplification.The culture can be materialized in many aspects during the procedure of modernization, and the differences of various cultures can lead to cultural risk. Cultural risk carries the characterics of continuance, occultness and complexity and so on. The way to avoid and resolve the cultural risk is to establish the consciousness of cultural risk, to develop national culture and advance the science and culture.The principle of Plank tells us the objectivity and opportunity of political risk. Having investigated the components, characterics and kinds of political risk, in the dissertation, the political risks brought out by reformation and the correlating resolutions in China have been put forewarded and discussed.It is impossible for "Pareto Optimality" in the actual market economy, so economic risk must exist. In the paper, the causes, the mechanism, the characterics of economic risk and the correlating resolutions have been stated widely and discussed deeply.The four cause-and-effect theories of social risk are demonstrated about the frustration and benefit damage which ready to cause social risks. The characterics and cause-and-effect of social risk on the basis of Giddens' theory of social risk have been clarified, and providing the solutions on how to efficiently control the Chinese social risks.Eventually, the pratical meaning of Chinese modernization construction has been stated and studied proved by the modernization risk. To date, China is presenting the stage of speed urbanization, with various social problems appearing in the form of condensation, which causing a tremendous risk to the procedure of modernization.