| The Pingguo Bauxite belongs to environmental fragile Karst geomorphology. The ore body of the accumulative bauxite is thin, and presents wide horizontal distribution. If 10,000 tons bauxite were exploited, about 4.46 million mud lands were occupied. The mine is short of reclamation materials, the climate conditions are poor, and it is lack of good wild vegetation provenances.Pingguo bauxite is the world's first successful exploitation of Karst accumulative bauxite. There is no experience to draw on in the mining methods, reclamation technology, and mining land management. Most surface mine reclamation work at home and abroad is carry out in the dump or the slope of mined areas. The reclamation materials are sufficient, the space is concentrate, and the reclamation technology is relatively simple. With the use of flat production in Mining of Pingguo Bauxite, the mining speed is high, and the land occupation is large. Meanwhile, in mining area, because extremely lack of reclaiming material, poorly soil and water conservation condition, and seriously lack of cultivated land, the quality requirements of ecological reclamation is high and the technology is extremely difficult. In view of the Pingguo bauxite open-pit's reclamation land is reducing, speed of land acquisition is fast and Reclamation is difficult, this paper mainly study how to accelerate soil aging and reduce the reclamation cycle.In addition, it also discuss the Comprehensive application of biotechnology, engineering reclamation technology, mycorrhizal technology to accelerate the ripening of soil and vegetation reconstruction, in order to reconstruct the artificial ecosystems mainly consists of agricultural land, forest shrub and grass in a Short period of time in the mining area. The main research works in this paper are as follows:(1) The thought of integrated process system and working pattern is proposed in a bauxite open-pit in Karst mining area which consists of peeling, mining, reclamation, ecological rebuilding. And breakthrough the single reclamation for mined area and environmental treatment for closing pit. Through integrating the mining and reclamation as one process, planning the operation of peel, mining, reclamation, est. overall, the formation of parallel three-dimensional work is forming. This formation reflects the low pollution and high efficiency characteristics of the green mining.(2) Establish a set of land reclamation technique and test methods for the open-pit mine in Karst Areas, these technique and methods have unique traits in many applications including reclamation designing, construction methods, gob stone bud treatment, soil materials and stress resistance of plant varieties selection, the best mud tailings with soil program, artificial topsoil soil recycling, soil fertility technologies and vegetation processes, endogenous VA Screening and Application of fungi. (3)Unite the mining technology, engineering reclamation technology and ecological reclamation technology as integration under the basement of mine-stripping. In order to provide a comprehensive set of technical and management systems for the best mixing of mineral development and ecological restoration in time and space, and to simplify the reclamation project and reduce the reclamation investment, this paper study the establishment of united technology system in peeling, mineral processing and restore soil, reclamation and returning field.(4) Study the Pingguo Bauxite biological reclamation technology program, which main includes platform land biological reclamation technology program and hilly-sloppy lands biological reclamation technology programs, it takes an important role in restoring the ecological environment for mining, conservation of soil and vegetation, through appropriate varieties of vegetation survey, fitness soil screening test, plant roots screening test and a field moot screening test in laboratory, screened excellent pioneer species of vegetation which suit to Pingguo bauxite reclamation district hilly-sloppy lands site conditions,with slope stabilization and soil conservation capacity.(5) It broken through the traditional mean that "mine land expropriation", creatively successful formed the first domestic pilot new model that "temporary use of land mining", formed sets of mining and reform and mining land management practices, solved the problems that enterprise land and farmers lost their land which cause social problems, also solved long land period, high cost problems. Experts par this reform pilot model with the land contract model in "Little Village" Anhui Province in 1978.
|
PDF Full Text Request