Study On Industrial Structure Adjustment And Its Ecological Effect Under Environmental Regulation

With the rapid advance of industrialization process around the world, theindustrial economy development model on the basis of the energy resources causedserious pollution and destruction for ecological environment. Under the backgroundof the increasingly exhausted resources, the worsening ecological environment andthe huge pressure of economic development, the optimization and upgrading ofindustrial structure was faced with severe challenges. From the point of our country’seconomic development stage, the emergence of the new normal and the realization ofthe steady growth need to optimize and upgrade industrial structure. In particular,with the worsening of ecological environment problems, industrial structure is morerequired adjustments in the direction of the fundamentals, intensive and ecological.Under the double pressure of economic development and environmental protection,China’s environmental regulation pattern is gradually by the environmentmanagement pattern of "top-down pushed by government" to the environmentmanagement pattern of multiple main body participation. The regulation and guiderole of perfecting environmental regulation system for the industrial structureadjustment is more and more obvious. As a major industrial province in China,Shandong province has a strong industrial base. The heavy industry structureadjustment and environmental pollution problems of Shandong province need to besolved. Based on this, this research mainly included seven chapters.The first chapter was the introduction. On the one hand, the researchbackground mainly included the increasingly serious environmental pollution,environmental regulation, the relationship between industrial structure andenvironmental pollution, the role of environmental regulation on industrial structureadjustment and Shandong province as big industry provinces. On the other hand, thetheoretical and practical significance mainly included the environmental managementsystem innovation path, the mechanism of the industrial structure in the newinstitutional economics and ecological effect evaluation in industry economics. On thebasis of the research background and significance, the chapter summarizes theresearch content, research goal, difficulty and innovation points, etc. The second chapter was literature review, which combed related literature athome and abroad about environmental regulation, industrial structure and ecologicaleffect, environmental regulation and industrial structure, the ecological effect ofenvironmental regulation and the impact of environmental regulation on the industrialstructure of Shandong province. On the whole, the existing domestic and foreignrelated research were mostly about the relationship between two variables, whichwere environmental regulation and industrial structure, environmental regulation andpollutant emissions, industrial structure and ecological effect. The comprehensiveanalysis of environmental regulation, the industrial structure and ecological effect wasless. From the point of the study area, the study area of the environmental regulationimpact on the industrial structure adjustment and upgrade were basically China. Themedium scale theory and empirical research was few. And the research about theimpact of environmental regulation on industrial structure in Shandong province wasa blank.The third chapter explained related concepts, and theoretical basis was discussedin this paper. First of all, this chapter analyzed the related concepts of environmentalregulation, industrial structure adjustment and ecological effect. Then, the relatedbasic theories were discussed, which included the related environmental regulationtheory such as scarcity, externality, public goods, the related industrial structureadjustment theory such as leading industry, international industry transfer and therelated theory of the relationship between environmental regulation and industrialstructure such as the comparative advantage, the environmental race, the porterhypothesis, the regional sustainable development.The fourth chapter, the fifth chapter and the sixth chapter were the researchemphasis. Among them, the fourth chapter expounded the mechanism ofenvironmental regulation, industrial structure adjustment and ecological effect.According to the important influence factors of industrial structure adjustment, fromthe research perspective of new institutional economics, based on six intermediatevariable such as the society needs, the natural resources, the enterprise enter,technological innovation, foreign direct investment and international trade, the mechanism of the environmental regulation and the industrial structure adjustmentwas explored. Among them, the consumption demand, investment demand andconsumption investment ratio is the main content of social needs; The quantity ofnatural resources and the structure of natural resources is the main content of thenatural resources; Capital barriers and technical barriers is the main content of theenterprise enter; Power factors, risk, first-mover advantage and inertial resistance isthe main content of technology innovation; Competitive advantage, first-moveradvantage, innovation is the main content of the foreign direct investment; Cost effect,structure effect, innovation effect is the main content of international trade. Underdifferent economic development stage which included the first stage ofindustrialization, industrialization stage and later stage of industrialization, thedifferent industrial structure characteristics and environmental regulation produceddifferent ecological effect.The fifth chapter analyzed the current environmental regulation impact onindustrial structure adjustment and the ecological effect in Shandong province. On thebasis of determining the industrialization stage of Shandong province, the fifthchapter firstly analyses the characteristics of industrialization. Currently theindustrialization stage of Shandong province was in the middle stage ofindustrialization, but there have been obvious characteristics of the transition to apost-industrial. Secondly, environmental regulation intensity and environmentalregulation efficiency in Shandong province were estimated by building the evaluationindex system. The results showed that the environmental regulation intensity inShandong province was increasing on the time dimension. It presented a pattern of"eastern western central" in decreasing on the space dimensions. It showed theenvironmental regulation intensity of pollution intensive industry was bigger, andenvironmental regulation intensity of clean industry was smaller on the industrydimensions. DEA model results showed that the environmental regulation efficiencyin Shandong province was a rising trend and present a relatively balanced spatialdistribution pattern.Again, this article analyzed the impact of Shandong Provincial environmental regulations on industrial restructuring based on intermediate variables according tothe mechanism of environmental regulation for industrial restructuring and itsecological effects, and the relevant measurement methods and models. At the sametime, the influences of Environmental Regulation on industrial restructuring and itsecological effects were analyzed with the same methods, too. First, EVIEWS6.0andSPSS17.0were used to analyze the effect of Shandong Provincial EnvironmentalRegulations on industrial restructuring based on intermediate variables. From theview of industrial proportion, implementation of environmental regulations inShandong Province promoted the optimization and adjustment of industrial structurebased on consumer demand and technological innovation. Second, Stata12.0was usedto explore the combined effects of the Environmental Regulations on industrialstructure based on panel data. The measurement results of Environmental regulations’affect on industrial pollution-intensive industries and high-tech industries show thatImplementation of environmental regulations was not only beneficial to the industrialstructure adjustment and optimization of pollution-intensive industries, but alsoconducive to the development of high-tech industries. Third, LMDI decompositionmodel was used to the factorization of emissions of industrial pollutants, it can beseen that the expansion of industrial-scale was a major factor in the increasing of theindustrial emissions; the improved of technical efficiency was the main factor thatreduce emissions. After2000, the industrial structure optimization in ShandongProvince had played a significant role in pollutant emissions.The sixth chapter predicted industrial restructuring and the potential of pollutantemission reduction in Shandong Province under different environmental regulation inthe future. Loose, moderate and stringent environmental regulations were set. First,external historical values programming model and linear programming model wereused to set different scenes with the analysis of the factors of future industrialrestructuring. Secondly, different scenes were set according to the relevant planningand trends with the analysis of factors of pollutants emission. Finally, emissions andmitigation potential of industrial air and water pollutants were predicted under variousscenes. The results show that with the increase of the intensity of environmental regulation, the extent and effects of the adjustment and optimize of industrial structure,and effects of pollutants emission reduction potential is growing in. Meanwhile, theecological effect of industrial restructuring is better with moderate environmentalregulation. Both reached the goal of environmental protection, and economicdevelopment.Path and safeguards of industrial structure optimization in Shandong Provincewere proposed in seventh chapter. Path of industrial structure optimization was mainlybuild from social needs, natural resources, business entry, technological innovation,foreign direct investment, international trade and so on. Safeguards of industrialstructure optimization were proposed from improve the environmental regulationsystem, innovative institutional mechanism, adjust elements of policy and industrialpolicy refinement.From what has been discussed above, this research has certain innovation inthree aspects of theory, research methods and practice. In the aspect of theory，thespecific path of the environmental regulation through intermediate variable effect onindustrial structure adjustment was explored from the perspective of new institutionaleconomics; At the same time, the limitation of traditional industry economics whichwas focus on economic growth, economic benefit was broken through. From theperspective of ecological environment, ecological effect of industrial structureadjustment was outstanding. In terms of research methods, the evaluation indexsystem of environmental regulation intensity and environmental regulation efficiencywas built. From institutional level, the relevant variables influencing the entityindustry were founded and the econometric model was built. Industrial structureadjustment and pollutant emission reduction under the environmental regulation in thefuture in Shandong province was quantitatively analyzed by the scenario analysis. Inthe aspect of practice, this study filled the blank in the research of environmentalregulation effect on industrial structure of Shandong province, and the research on thetypical and special resources and environment regional industrial structureoptimization and adjustment has carried on the beneficial supplement and perfect.Although this research analyzed and explored the question about environmental regulation, industrial structure and ecological effect, due to environmental issues andindustrial problems involving multidisciplinary field, combined with statistical caliberand data collection, this research has yet to be further and perfect. Firstly, theintermediate variable of environmental regulation effect on industrial structure willcontinue to be mining. The mechanism framework of environmental regulation effecton industrial structure adjustment will be constantly enriched and improved. Secondly,the data will continue to be collected to extend the time series. From the perspectiveof time and space, the influence of environmental regulation to industrial structureadjustment and its ecological effect will be analyzed in different regions underdifferent stages of development Thirdly, according to the changes of the futureenvironmental regulation, industrial structure and ecological effect in Shandongprovince, it will verify the predictive results of the industrial structure and itsecological effect in different environmental regulation scenario in Shandong province.Through adjustment of the influence factors setting and the optimization of theprediction model, it will guide development direction of economic and social andrealize the coordinated development of economy and environment in the future inShandong province.