The Transformion Of The Thought Of Environmental Protection In Han-Tang Dynasty

There is a great shift in the idea of environmental protection from Han Dynasty to Tang Dynasty.In Han Dynasty, the laws and decrees of environmental protection are based on the mind of Confucianism benevolence, Confucian believe that benevolence should not only to human beings, but also to animals, plants, trees, fishes, and insects, etc. those laws and decrees also based on the people's livelihood, Confucian believe that the kings ought to shoulder obligation to raise people continuously, so it is necessary to safeguard all life's growth and reproduction. The environmental protection in Han Dynasty also deals to respect to the heaven to some extent. In the idea of the ancient Chinese, heaven is equal to nature. With the idea that "man and nature enjoy perfect harmony", Confucian consider that the order of nature is concerned to harmony of society.In Han Dynasty, the Confucian carries on the traditional Seasonally Order, and advance it to Monthly Order, Monthly Order became to the foundation of Han Dynasty's (and even the entire later dynasties) laws and decrees of environmental protection,And to the Wei-Jin period, the trends of Wei-Jin Metaphysics spring up; Wei-Jin Metaphysics is the self-aware of nature. At first, the nature meanings human nature, and at last it is indicated the natural mountains and waters. For the intellectual of East-Jin Metaphysics, the "natural life" is live in natural hills and waters.In the period of Wei-Jin, Buddhism teaches and spread in China, and it was accepted by the Chinese quickly. And by the incentive of Buddhism, Taoism is matured by degrees. Buddhism and Taoism are tended to "non-anthropocentrism". They have forbidden killing animals, fishing and so on. They even refuse to eat meat fish fowl, or any food derived from them. They demand to fell trees in proper season, "non-anthropocentrism" influenced many dynasty's policy, laws, and people's life.In the end, in Tang Dynasty, Buddhism and Taoism raised a famous viewpoint, it says that all visible things: animals, plants, insects, and even the stones, possess the same essence like human being. Under this idea, man and all other kind of life, and even and inorganic material, are equal. And in Tang Dynasty, the laws and decrees of environmental protection and animal preservation were brought up by Buddhism and Taoism region. It's in Tang Dynasty, the tradition of Chinese environmental protection which is based on Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, is formed.