Studying On The Trading Mechanism,Surveying And Cost-price Of Carbon Sequestration Forest

Global climate warming is one of the serious Environmental Problems and an austere challenge of the human facing in the 21st Century. Formulation and implementation of the Kyoto protocol have set up the quantitative targets to reduce greenhouse gases for the developed countries. In order to assist developed countries to complete their reducing goal, Kyoto protocol have constituted three so-called flexible mechanisms: Joint Implementation,Clean Development Mechanism and Emission Trading, in which Clean Development Mechanism is the only one that was collaborated between developing countries and developed. According to the rules of Clean Development Mechanism, developed countries can use afforestation and reforestation projects to deduct their greenhouse gases emission quota.The main studying of this paper are the followings:(1)Aimed to the confused name of forest under Clean Development Mechanism, the carbon sequestration forest was defined; the goal, principle and techniques of carbon forest management were analyzed. We proposed more native species, mixed stands for the plantation instead of pure forest were planted, and suggested that instead of clear-cutting, the method of ecological harvesting should be used. Also, models and simulations for decision-making system should be put to use to avoid leaking problems produced by forest carbon sequestration.(2)Studying on the economic attributes and trading mechanism of carbon sequestration, and asset attribute of carbon sequestration have been pointed out, its property rights should been divided stand right, timber right and carbon sequestration right.(3)Studying on the survey methods of carbon sequestration, pointed out the main surveying-object of carbon sequestration forest is carbon sequestrations instead of timber, at the same time the baseline and leaking should be considered.(4)Through the data of sample plots and biomass by investigation, we developed a Site Index Model, growth model and biomass expansion factor model of poplar and analyzed the computing method and model of forest certified emission reduction according to the trade regulation as well.(5)On the developed the price model of forest certified emission reduction, the results in terms of the price of forest certified emission reduction was affected by transaction cost, site conditions, plantation areas and planting densities, etc. Among of them, the price of forest certified emission reduction was seriously influenced by transaction cost. Especially to small forest carbon sequestration projects, it is hard to be traded because of high transaction cost. Also, the price of forest certified emission reduction was affected by plantation area. The research results indicated forest carbon sequestration project was feasible when the plantation area was about 2000-4000hm~2.(6) The risk management theory was applied in the carbon sequestration forest management in the paper, and we have divided the risks into natural risk, policy risk, technical risk, market risk and financing risk, etc. At the same time, methods of evaluating these risks and measures to avoid these risks have been discussed in the paper.