Land Adjusting Mechanism And Countermeasures In The Ecologically Vulnerable Coal-mining Areas

Coal-cumulating districts in our country mainly lie in the ecologically vulnerable area, the mining in which inevitably intensifies the land degradation of ecosystem, and the depredated ecosystem cannot be restored naturally So it is very important to regulate the land use condition of this area in the whole processing of mining.The regulation mechanism of land use in coal mine area is based on the process adjust and control, and the targets contained ecology target, the economic target and the social target.. The relevance of land use and the ecological environment, as well as the selectivity of land ecosystem service function, is the feasible premise of the land use regulation in mining areas, whose realistic foundation is the multipurpose for "the construction land" of mining area. The regulative mechanism is an organic connection between the social economy regulation mechanism and technical regulation mechanism, which includes the management, the institution, the fund, the technology and so on. From the regulative stage angle, it can be divided into three stages: The control forward, is mainly land reclamation planning, the control in process is mainly to accelerate the succession by reconstructing the ecosystem, and the control in land re-use is to protect the land in using. From the control method angle, the control before the mining is to by land reclamation planning; the process regulation is to forward acceleration succession through the manual induction promotion in the land reclamation process. The effective engagement of land control in three land-use stages, is the important guarantee to the sustainable development of land in mining area, and the key of the engagement lies in the development of social and economy.The problems in the use of land of typical vulnerable mining areas are analyzed, the areas contain mining areas in the Loess Plateau, grassland and desert, and the key technical to solve the problems are proposed.Thought analysis of the key factors(Institution and financial) of the development of society and economy to land-use, that the land rent in large-scale open-cast coal mine is proposed, the institution make the mining get the temporary right of the land-use by renting not by expropriation.; For the new or expanded mining , scientific and reasonable land reclamation costs is the key to implemented the land reclamation, the main responsible people for the destructed land who own the mining rights or land-use right must be the obligation for the land reclamation, "joint account" which can not only incentive mining to reclamation but can restrict the land destruction, is the key to link up the control forward and in process.Based on analysis the ecological signs of the land-use, the soil macro-fauna were invested in Pingshuo coal mining. It is pointed that reasonable ecological sings for land-use should contain the producer, consumer and disintegrator.Finally, take Pingshuo open-cast coal mine as an example, to analysis the control methods to the natural land, destructed land and restoration land.