On The Role Of International Environmental Non-government Organizations In Global Governance

Based on the theory of global governance and information and the method of literature study and case study, this paper chooses International Environment Non-governmental Organization (IENGO) to be the object and analyzes what and how the role of IENGO in the global governance, in order that illuminating the value and the tendency of global governance and the impact of International Non-governmental Organization(INGO)over international politics.At present, the theoretical construction of global governance is still in discussing. Generally, the understanding to global governance could be divided into two groups either affirming or denying. As a result, I firstly clarify the thread of global governance theory, and then define global governance as a multi-level structure, a process of multi-actor participation and a theoretical framework to be theoretical foundation of my dissertation. The global governance is on the basis of international institution to deal with the challenge of global issues, and advocates resolving the global issues by virtue of the multi-level network structure which is beyond the local, state and even regional governance. This explanation provides a wide perspective for understanding the activities of INGO.Lack of military and compulsive force like nation-state and having no powerful substance force, INGO play an important role in global multi-layer governance, so how to explain this phenomenon? This dissertation addresses the activities and impact of INGO on the basis of information theory. Information revolution provides power for INGO to challenge status quo of international relations. With the help of information technology, INGO obtain new resources and space for accessing to political agenda. Through collecting, picking-up, analyzing and explaining information by special agency, INGO can help government to deal with the great amount of information with the development of globalization. As a result, INGO have influence on the behavior of state relying on new, credible information.On the basis of the theory of global governance and information, I analyze the role of IENGO in two levels of global governance (global and local level). First of all, in global level, I try to figure out how INGO use information as a tool to display its power without traditional power (military and economy) and participate in the arrangement of international institution, which putting off the conflict between the split in politics and the integrity in ecology of the world, consequently promoting global governance effectively. In brief, the information model includes one tool, two strategies. One tool means that INGO have an impact on global governance in virtue of information tool. About the cost-benefit of alternative policy project, INGO provide new, credible information for decision-maker to have influence on the foreign policy and the arrangement of international institutions, and finally global governance. The case of FoeI and ozone destroy is chosen to support the above analysis. Two strategies mean that INGO adopt insider strategy and outsider strategy in virtue of information tool. Insider strategy seeks to attain influence by working closely with negotiators and governments by providing policy solutions and expert advice. Outsider strategy is to influence political outcome by putting pressure on negotiators, governments, and target groups through campaigning, letters of protest, rallying, direct actions, boycotts, and even civil disobedience. The case that IENGO get access in the three mechanism of Kyoto protocol is chosen to witness the above analysis.Secondly, in local side, this paper also insists on explaining how IENGO participate in local governance in the perspective of information. I hold that the essence of governance is at local, that is to say, the political decisions which are made in level of global, international organization, even state, and finally it's necessary to get the identity and compliance from sub-government inside nation-state and local publics, then the political decisions can solve those serious globally social issues. The activity of IENGO in local is mainly supervising the implement of international institution. In addition, IENGO is to influence local governance by cooperation with local government and complementary action each other in function through money, project and training program. I try to use the activities of IENGO in China to prove the above analysis.The whole dissertation is composed of six chapters. The introduction describes some technical knowledge about this dissertation. The main part includes chapter 2-5. It firstly clears the thread of fundamental theory of this dissertation and clarifies the meaning of basic concept. And then, I start with two levels of global governance to analyze how IENGO play its role. The conclusion sums up the main idea of this dissertation and put forward some forward-looking questions.