Research On The Central Place Structure And Diffusion Areas Of Northeast China

The paper lists the development venation of central place theory from the new background and prerequisites, it points out the necessarity and framework of the theory innovation. The simple function and influence factors of central place systems'development are discussed. Based on theory discussion, takeing Northeast China as experiment areas, the paper shows out the history of central place system in Northeast China and points out the characters of every stage.Using Spss and GIS technology, the paper measures the centrality of those cities, divides their function types and delimits their speading areas.At last, strategies of how to optimize the central place system of Northeast China are put forward based on discrimination of problems.In details, main points of this paper are shown below:(1)Relation theories especially the location theory are discussed in detail, it points out central place theory should be put forward based on the new development of Geography especially Urban Geography. Combined with combing of new development of central place theory both from home and abroad, it shows that the background and base of the theory have changed significantly. The central place theory puts up inelasticity obviously.What's more,the object of Urban Geography have been changed. So the central place theory needs to be redeveloped.Based on this analyse, it tries to put out new models and new framework of the central place theory's development in the future on those points below, first is the change of the organization form of central place system, second is the change of influencing factors and innovation conditions. And also, look into the future, new development and practical application are put out.(2)Considerations are provided from the angle of view of system theory, it points out that central place system is full of omplexity and Openness. It discussed the central place theory from the classical theory which is based on strict assume, it also shows the development of central place system when the assumption is relaxed.For further research, it analyse the dynamic system, which contains discussion of equilibrium market; situation when population distribution is asymmetry;consumer's behaviour change;condition when location of central place is fixed; population migration(unbanization); rank replacement. It exprouds the simple effect factors to central place system, which contain rain fall level, distribution of water resource, effect of topography, innovation diffusion of central place system and diversification of effect of border.For further analyse, it discusses the function of new factors in new period, which contains the development of traffic system, informationazation and globalization.(3)Taking cities at prefectural level and above in Northeast China as the research object, 31 indexes are selected to establish evaluation index system, it contains six sections, selection of characterization of scale, structure index, index of accessibility of index and economic openness indicator, information and communication ability, modern service ability and concrete index. The paper uses principal component analysis method, combining the gini coefficient and the scale index to measure the centrality strength of the selected cities based on three years, 1996,2001 and 2006.This work get some conclusions: centrality of capital cities is naturally strongest and their position are very stable; Shenyang is still at the top class; "2 + 2" pattern appeared, high concentration of high-grade centre cities; both wings marginalization Comprehensive center city; the portal and revitalize hub cities enhance their prominent position, Regional differences enlarged among the resource-based cities .(4)The concept of spreading area is defined and general mechanism is shown. By using GIS, and traffic through distance reduction method to speed, it delimits their speading areas.of the central places above 3 level in Northeast China and get the diffusion map. Several consequences are formed: the spreading areas are nested each other, some regions are not be covered by the spreading areas of the top level of central places; hexagonal net structure becoming vanished; harbor based, mining based, railway hub based central places became leading centers of the area, The seaport-hinterland central place system is typical in Northeast China; circle like structure of the central place system disappeared, The center to circle-shape rating system no longer exists, the the chain structure with multiple cores appears obviously.