Studies On The Effect Of Fertilization On Yield And Quality Of Lycium Barbarum Linn.

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are the necessary nutrient elements to the growth of all crops. Researching their dosage and ratio of influence and quality performance to growth and yield of economic crops has important academic significance and application foreground to the formation and application of high yield, economic, high grade crops production, and adjustment and control technology. This research has processed two years cropland test from 2008 to 2009, making Lycium barbarum Linn as the material. It researches the growth character of Lycium barbarum Linn., nutrient trend, yield and variety regulation of quality in the fertilization of different organic fertilizer as well as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, it establishes the relation model between the dosage of organic fertilizer, effect of adjustment and control and the growth quantity, yield, profit, quality of Lycium barbarum Linn., it also discusses the effect of adjustment and control of growth, yield formation and quality with the fertilization of organic fertilizer and the mixed fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of Lycium barbarum Linn.. The main conclusion is as follows:1. Increased application of organic fertilizer can promote the growth and yield formation of Lycium barbarum Linn. During the trial application range (decomposition sheep manure, 0~10kg/plant), with increased application of organic fertilizer, growth rate, growth and plant N, P, K content of germination, spring shoot, crown width and diameter have increased current, and in the trend of high-volume (6~10kg/plant) treatment is significantly higher than the promotion of the role of low-volume (2~ 4 kg/plant) treatment. The application of organic fertilizer usage and growth are "S"-type relationship growth curves. The relationship between fruit yield and plant available nutrients can be described in a dollar secondary effect equation Y1 = 0.551 +0.565 x-0.037 x2 with the largest application of organic fertilizer application 7.69kg /plant, the highest yield 2.72kg/plant; optimum economic application rates of 7.64 kg/plant, the best economic yield of 2.72 kg/plant.2. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the growth rate of Lycium barbarum Linn different growth stages affected differently. The impact of Nitrogen in the vegetative growth stage is greater than phosphorus and potassium into the floral period. Especially in the summer fruit mature phase, the impact of phosphorus and potassium on the crown becomes more apparent. During germinating period and spring shoot growth period the application of low-nitrogen high-phosphorus (N1P3) and to add a view to appropriate K (K2) in flowers and fruits period can significantly increase the tree spring shoot growth rate, promoting the growth of spring shoot and crown. During the first fruit maturity period, increased application of K topdressing can significantly promote the diameter growth rate. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium single-factor and spring shoot a few branches, spring shoot, crown width, diameter increment can be fitted by quadratic equation. Extreme value theory of nitrogen application rate, respectively (kg/plant):0.32, 0.08, 0.35and0.37, the application of extreme value of P, respectively (kg/plant): 0.23, 0.18, 0.11 and 0.14, respectively, extreme application of potassium (kg/plant): 0.14, 0.06, 0.31 and 0.37.3. Fertilization has obvious impact on nutrient content of Lycium barbarum Linn. N, P, K, and rational fertilization can effectively improve the content of NPK nutrients. The NPK content in leaves and branches in the concentration of size expressed as N> P> K. It is the critical period for the fruit mature phase N, P, K content of Lycium barbarum Linn an important period of topdressing in May mid-to late, June mid-to late first crop of fruit maturity and July mid-to late summer.4. Spring shoot branch number and spring shoot growth is main factors of affecting the application of yield per plant which influence the number of branch spring shoot growth is greater than the application. NPK application and production of fertilizer can be used ternary quadratic model description: Y(NPK)=1.921+ 2.541N-4.517N2+ 1.269P -4.959P2+1.939K-2.348K2+4.049NP -0.162NK-3.119PK (R2=0.962 F =86.021,P<0.01) Maximum application of application (kg/plant): N = 0.36, P2O5 = 0.19, K2O = 0.28, N∶P2O5∶K 2O = 1∶0 .53∶0 .78, the highest yield of 2.77 kg/plant. Best application volume (kg/ plant): N = 0.29, P2O5 = 0.17, K = 0.00, N∶P 2O5∶K2O = 1∶0.59∶0, in this application the best available based on the application of economic yield 2.75 kg/plant, the best economic profit 13.40 yuan(RMB)/plant.5. The application of organic fertilizer (sheep manure) which includes high nitrogen, mid phosphorus and low potassium has obvious positive correlation with l00 seeds weight, flavones and carotenoids, they all reach the highest content in the test planning area with the process of high application organic fertilizer. The usage of organic manure combination of Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrient is very significant positive correlation to kernel weight, flavones and carotenoids content, and high-volume organic fertilizer to the next (8~10kg/plant) reached the highest level within the framework of experimental design. Polysaccharide and protein content of the more unusual manifestations of polysaccharides in the organic fertilizer with low application (2~4kg/plant) within the framework of an increasing trend, while in high application (6~10kg/plant) within the scope showed no significant difference; in the amount of protein in the low (2 ~ 6kg/plant) within the scope increases with the application of fertilizer, high-application (8~10kg/plant), the concentration difference was not significant. The quality of content and the relationship between the applications of organic fertilizer cubic equation can be fitted which l00 seeds weight and flavones equation is the best fit, followed by carotenoids, polysaccharides and proteins poor goodness of fit.6. Among the correlation between the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and every character of Lycium barbarum Linn, phosphorus has the biggest effect, then, potassium, nitrogen which is beneficial for increasing yield has the smallest effect. It shows phosphorus and potassium has more influence than nitrogen to the integrated quality of Lycium barbarum Linn.7. Nitrogen is the main factor of affecting l00 seeds weight, followed by phosphorus, potassium and the impact of the weakest. There are the relationships of a quadratic curve between the Nitrogen rate and l00 seed weight, the largest application of nitrogen is 0.31kg/plant, over the extreme decline in kernel weight, indicating excessive nitrogen content is not conducive to an increase in l00 seeds weight. Phosphorus application and l00 seeds weight in a significant linear positive correlation, increasing phosphorus levels significantly increased l00 seeds weight. Potassium application and l00 seeds weight in the existence of a quadratic equation one factor minimum value (minimum of fertilizer) to 0.24kg/plant, indicating that potassium is too small for l00 seeds weight in the increased levels of disadvantage. Thus, in experimental areas nitrogen-poor, less phosphorus, potassium-rich soil environments, by increasing phosphorus, potassium, and content nitrogen is an important measure to regulation l00 seeds weight. 8. The influence curves of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium to amylase are all"beeline"correlation, among these correlations, increasing nitrogen is positive correlation, increasing phosphorus and potassium are negative correlation, and the side effect of increasing phosphorus is bigger than increasing potassium to the content of amylase.9. Nitrogen is the main element of influencing the dried fruit protein of Lycium barbarum Linn, then, potassium and phosphorus, the interaction of the three elements are indistinctive. Nitrogen usage and protein content of Lycium barbarum Linn is"parabolic"relationship, the largest application of nitrogen is 0.39kg/plant. K usage and protein content"anti-parabolic"relationship, the minimum application of potassium 0.13kg/ plant, lower than the amount of this application do not use the formation of proteins.10. Phosphorus is the main element of effecting the formation and accumulating of flavones, then, nitrogen and potassium. Nitrogen, phosphorus and dry fruit flavonoids is"positive parabola"relationship, and the largest of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer are 0.24 and 0.11kg/plant, in this context, dry fruit flavonoid content will increase in trend with increased the application of the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, increasing phosphorus flavonoid content of nitrogen application on the promotion of the formation of even more apparent. Beyond that fertilization, the flavonoid content of a downward trend, increasing phosphorus content of the flavonoids significantly reduces the role of the nitrogen.11. Nitrogen has no obvious effect to the content of carotenoids, phosphorus has certain negative correlation to carotenoids, increasing phosphorus will decrease the content of carotenoids, and potassium has indistinctive effect.