| Sclerotina Sclerotiomm of rapeseed is world wide disease and affects the production of rapeseed seriously all around the world. As a result, the breeding and application of varieties resistant to S.Sclerotiorum has attracted increasing attention of the researchers. The article made some primary studies from molecular level, hope that apply some science proof for resistant disease breeding to rapeseed. The results were described as following:1.Four methods-CTAB method, SDS method, urea method, and alkali method were used to extract genomic DNA from the leaves of E.sativa Mill. The results DNA samples of the four methods were tested by using spectrophotometer, agarose gel electrophoresis and RAPD. The difference in yield, quality, time duration and expense of the obtained DNA were compared, and urea method was decided as the best method for the test.2. Based on the genomic DNA extracted from Rocketsalad (E.sativa Mill), some essential factors that might affect the result of RAPD assay were tested and compared. An optional reaction system suitable for the assay and usage of RAPD in Rocketsalad was established. Amplification reactions contained 30 - 40ng genomic DNA, Mg2+2.0mmol/l ,dNTPO.1mmol/l , decamer random primers 0.2ummol/l, Taq DNA polymerase 1U in total volume of 25ul; The reaction program was devised for 41 cycles, each with 40s at 94℃denature, Imin at 37℃ annealing, 2 min at 72 ℃ extension, and 3 min at 94℃ perdenature in the former denature and 10 min at 72℃postextension in the final extension. This system with good reproducibility and high reliability could be effectively used for RAPD analysis in the program of Rocketsalad genetics and breeding.3. Eleven Chinese Rocketsalad(E.sativa Mill) cultivars were evaluated for their resistance to Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum by applying 3 conventionality identification methods, which Oxalic acid-submerged leaf, Oxalic acid-submerged root and mycelia inoculation, And further according to the sequence of R gene in Arabidopsis, 8 piece primers were produced by synthetic and a pair primer was selected among them, 11 Rocketsalad cultivars were detected by PCR. The result showed that: identificative result expressed for not-significant difference among 3 conventionality identifications. Relative analysis expressed that: the relative coefficiency of index disease reached far significant level among 3 conventionality identifications, were respectively 0.929 , 0.950, 0.966; PCR result was amplified a special fragment about 290bp appeared in resistant cultivars, and nothing in infected cultivars, the result was in correspondence with that of 3 conventionality identifications, whichsuggested the feasibility of PCR detection.4. Genomic DNA of 18 accessions of Rocketsalad were amplified by RAPD from 100 arbitrary 10 decamer primers. The results showed that 10 primers produced reproducible amplified products and the band numbers of products ranged 6-17 bands. Total 108 bands were identified, of which , 10 bands were common in all varieties and 98 bands were polymorphic. The polymorphic bands accounted for 90.74% of the total amplified bands. Analyzing phylogenetic relationship through cluster of band of 108 amplified loci, the experimented accession could be divided among 2 types and 8 groups. And, molecular checking index were put forward, according to special bands.5. Most of the cloned R gene encode proteins containing a nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeats(NBS-LRR), which there are some conserved domains. The article designed the special oligonucleotide primers according to the conserved domain P-loop and Kinase, and amplified by PCR with the designed primers. One NBS homologues were obstained from Rocketsalad, and the homological analysis revealed that it was closer to RPP5 with Arabidpsis.6. Genetic and RAPD analysis were studied among individuals in F2 segregated population originating from a distant-cross between B.napus 98C40 cultivator (female parent, disease sensitive) and E.sativa (m...
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