| Cultivation of medicinal plants will be necessary way to obtain more biomass and effective components in Industrialization of medicinal plants,this maybe reducing destruction of ecological environment and protecting medicinal plants resources.Sophora flavescens Ait has not been cultivated at present.The demand for medicine is depended on exploiting wild resource.Sophora flavescens Ait is always in short supply because of the destruction of natural environment and unlimited exploiting.So it is necessary to cultivate Sophora flavescens Ait.The effect of different N,P,K application,N and P applilication on biomass, characters,and alkaloids concentration were researched in pot and field experiment.The results have shown:The biomass increased with N,P,K applied fitting quadratic curves. Plant height,root but,fresh weight of per plant,dry weight of per plant,root fresh weight, root dry weight,aerial fresh weight,aerial dry weight increased with N,P,K applied.The root fresh weight were 47.4 g/plant with 300 kg/hm~2 N applied,were 45.47 g/plant with 45 kg/hm~2 P applied and were 37.44 g/plant with 90 kg/hm~2 K applied,increased by 44.3 %,38.5%and 14%compared with the control.The root dry weight were 26.7 g/plant, 23.41 g/plant and 20.44 g/plant,increased by 41.8%,22.7%and 8.6%.The aerial dry weight were 5 g/plant,5.5 g/plant and 4.17 g/plant,increased by 46.6%,41.7%and 34 %.Higher N,P,K application reduced plant growth.Root dry weight/root fresh weight and root dry weight / total plant dry weight decreased with N,P,K applied.N,P,K application impacted proportion of constitution of root yield.The percentage of main root decreased with N applied,but increased with P and K applied.The percentage of lateral root increased with N applied,but decreased with P and K applied.N,P,K application have significant positive effect on root diameter.The root diameter was highest with 300 kg/hm~2N applied,45 kg/hm~2P applied,90 kg/hm~2 K applied,increased by 20.9%,19.4 %,6.14%.The percentage of xylem diameter increased with N and P applied,decreased with K applied.The percentage of root bark depth decreased with N and P applied, increased with K applied.Leaflet area,leaflet dry weight,Chl concentration,total alkaloids concentration increased with N,P,K applied fitting quadratic curves.Chl concentration was highest with 150 kg/hm~2 N applied,22.5 kg/hm~2 P applied,90 kg/hm~2 K applied,were 2.65 mg/g,2.62 mg/g,2.36 mg/g.Total alkaloids concentration was highest also with 150 kg/hm~2 N applied,22.5 kg/hm~2 P applied,90 kg/hm~2 K applied,were 4.4%, 4.423%and 4.5%.Total alkaloids concentration increased by improving leaf characters and increasing Chl concentration.The total alkaloids yield of per plant were highest with 300 kg/hm~2 N applied,22.5 kg/hm~2 P applied,90 kg/hm~2 K applied,were 1.18 g/plant, 0.999 g/plant,0.93 g/plant.K application had significant positive effect on plant height,root but,fresh weight of per plant and dry weight of per plant,root fresh weight,root dry weight,aerial fresh weight,aerial dry weight of annual plant in field experiment.60～90 kg/hm~2 of K applied had higher effect on biomass.The root dry weight were 5.53～5.4 g/plant,increased by 28.6%0～25.6%compared with the control.The total alkaloids concentration and total alkaloids yield of per plant was highest with75 kg/hm~2 and 90 kg/hm~2 K applied.The total alkaloids concentration were 3.6%and 3.8%,total alkaloids yield of per plant were 0.2 g/plant and 0.21 g/plant,increased by 72.2%and 78.2%compared with the control.There were significant interaction between N and P on biomasses,Chl concentration and total alkaloids concentration.The biomass was highest with 225 kg/hm~2N and 11.25 kg/hm~2 P applied in virgin land experiment,The root fresh weight and dry weight were 1.29 g/plant and 0.55 g/plant,increased by 104.8%and 120%compared with the control, while 112.5 kg/hm~2 N and 22.5 kg/hm~2 P application in alkaline land experiment,The root fresh weight and dry weight were 51.6 g/plant and 25 g/plant,increased by 57.6%and 50.6%.The total alkaloids concentration were 5.554%and total alkaloids yield of per plant were 0.0267 g/plant,was highest with 75 kg/hm~2 N and 45 kg/hm~2 P applied in virgin land experiment.The total alkaloids concentration were 3.35%,were highest when 37.5 kg/hm~2 of N applied and 22.5 kg/hm~2 of P applied in alkaline land experiment.While total alkaloids yield of per plant were 0.698 g/plant,was highest with 112.5 kg/hm~2N and 22.5 kg/hm~2 P applied.150～300 kg/hm~2 of N,22.5～45 kg/hm~2 of P and 90 kg/hm~2 of K application will be suggested in cultivating.75 kg/hm~2 of N and 45 kg/hm~2 P application in virgin land,225 kg/hm~2 N and 11.25 kg/hm~2 of P application in alkaline land will be suggested in cultivating.These study has not only theoretical guiding significance in obtaining higher biomass and alkaloid yield,but also practical significance in cultivating and making standard operation practice(SOP) for good agriculture practice(GAP) in Sophora flavescens Ait.
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