Research On Performance Evaluation Of Nature Reserve

Nature Reserve in China started very late,later than Yellowstone National Park for nearly a century.Since 1956 established the first Nature Reserve - Guangdong Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve,the subsequent 50 years,although the development of China's Nature Reserves twists and turns but faster.By the end of 2005,the country had established 2349 various types, different levels of Nature Reserve,243 of them are National(an area of 88.9887 million hm~2), 773 provincial,421city,112 county.A total area of Nature Reserve is 149.949 million hm~2, accounting for 14.99%of country area.Although the Nature Reserve development rapidly, there are many problems in construction,development and utilization.These problems directly affect the sustainable development of China's Nature Reserves.Based on a full study on development situation of Nature Reserves at home and abroad, and on a full study on theories and methods of evaluation on the Nature Reserve and evaluation on Nature Reserve's eco-tourism resources both at home and abroad,and use years of academic research On theoretical and methods of Performance Evaluation for reference,at last, established an evaluation system on Nature Reserve's eco-tourism resources and an evaluation system on Nature Reserve's performance.And take Longwan National Nature Reserve in Jilin as an example gave a case studies and verification,then made eco-tourism development suggestions for Longwan Nature Reserve,and pointed out management mode and development direction of Longwan Nature Reserve.Mainly contents and innovations of this thesis are:Organized and implemented eco-tourism resources classification,investigation and evaluation on Longwan Nature Reserve Strictly abide by the "tourism resources classification, investigation and evaluation criteria"(GB/T 18972-2003).Established eco-tourism resources development and evaluation model primarily according to related research achievements at home and abroad and the actual situation of Longwan Reserve.Use expert advice method and turmoil mind method,fixed on evaluation factors firstly,then gave factor weights to each indicator(100 by total weight),instituted indicators scoring criteria(every factors scale from 1 to 10),at last classificated eco-tourism resources in accordance with the final score values.Constructed evaluation framework and model of performance grade evaluation and proposed performance grade evaluation methodologies of Nature Reserve according to basic principles and guiding ideology of evaluation system construction.Defined the evaluation content and evaluation indexes system at first,and then determined the weight of every evaluation factors by adopting Analytic Hierarchy Process combined with Delphi Method. According to the weight distribution,established the standard score table of evaluation indexes and divided the score into five ranks.Used the multistage fuzzy pattern recognition model and the non-structure decision-making theory to evaluate the program synthetically and obtain the subordination rank of Nature Reserve performance.This evaluation method had not only considered the condition of evaluation object itself,the evaluation results given by the person who evaluated,but also unified the evaluation on the person who evaluated them.Compares with the Analytic Hierarchy Process,this evaluation method optimized the statistical process of the last results.It makes us understanding the evaluation objects comprehensively and impersonally.Combined with the results of development evaluation and eight major current problems of Longwan Nature Reserve,the author gave many proposals on eco-tourism resources' planning and development,and proposes the project design of eco-tourism development.Established Performance Evaluation System of Nature Reserves use of repeated filtering method,frequency statistics method,expert advice method and seminars,then analyzed the factors one by one,in combination with the results of previous authorities,and through the analysis of relevant indicators,combined with expert advice,confirmed evaluation criteria of each indicator.Handled expert advice by computer software,constructed judgement matrix,calculated the weight of the each indicators,and then analyzed.The weight calculation results indicate that:For Nature Reserve,ecological performances are the most important factors which impact on the level of performance,followed by the social performance,and then the economic performance.Secondly,set the score table.Then,according to the evaluation result to grade the Nature Reserve into excellent,good,medium and bad,according to the results of sub-item Performance Index divided Nature Reserve into three categories:efficiency Nature Reserve, the ecological effects Nature Reserve,non-efficiency Nature Reserve.Washed out some indicators from the 61 performance indicators used Principal Component Analysis Method.After computed,the total 61 indicators were divided into 45 key indicators and 14 secondary indicators.Principal Component Analysis Method both let people know which are the primary and secondary components,and also directed the future research direction.The comprehensive performance evaluation score of Longwan Nature Reserve is 3.4472∈(3,4),is in good class,indicated that it will be necessary to further optimize.The scores of each sub-items performance indicators are relatively high,indicated that Longwan Nature Reserve can be coordinated development,and it belonging to efficiency Nature Reserve.Therefore,it must be avoid overheating,and control the degree of interference strictly.Started from the definition of management mode and Chinese Nature Reserve management mode,then elicited a series of abuses of the current management mode,and then make sure that the future development must use the sustainable development management mode.Based on the experts suggestions and the help from the staffs work for Longwan Nature Reserve management,bring forward to construction suggestions,eco-tourism management suggestions,business suggestions and management agencies suggestions for Longwan Nature Reserve.Then,under the guidance of these ideas and proposals,proposed nine development direction proposals.The main innovation of this thesis lies in two aspects:(1) the establishment of a completed set of evaluation system in eco-tourism resources classification,investigation, evaluation and development evaluation of Nature Reserve.(2) the establishment of a completed set of performance evaluation system of Nature Reserve,including:Construction Performance Evaluation Model,methodologies,indicators system,weights,etc.,and created a performance evaluation study for China's Nature Reserves precedent.Through the study of this subject,provided ideas and reference for eco-tourism resource classification,investigation, evaluation and development evaluation of Nature Reserve.This thesis provided basis theories and operational case for eco-tourism resources development and management,especially for the performance evaluation on Nature Reserve.