| In the study, the genetic resource, ecophysiological character and propagation in Hicriopteris glauca plants were investigated. The chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) was amplified using trnG-S primer in 12 wild-population 124 individual H.glauca which distributed in 10 provinces of china (including Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang). The genetic diversity was studied by the polymorphic sites (P), haplotype diversity (h), nucleotide diversity (π). Based on the above, the variation tendency of ecological factors, such as temperature, humidity, illumination, etc. were monitored in H.glauca population in Daxi, Zhejiang. The community and diversity in H.glauca habitat were also inverstigated. The content of macroelement in plant and in soil, such as hydrolysis nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and microelement were assayed to explore the change tendency of mineral element. To explore the physiological response of H.glauca to water stress, the characteristics of photosynthesis of H.glauca was also studied. In addition, we studied the sporegermination and gamete reproduction as well as sporophyte elicit in different matrix, temperature, water and different hormones level. This study is important to provide the theoretical basis and science supporting in genetic resource valuation, propagation, cultrue. The main study results as follow:(1) The mean of the haplotype diversity (h) is 0.4528, and the nucleotide diversity (π) is 0.00067 in H.glauca population. The haplotype diversity and the nucleotide diversity of H.glauca population in western China (π= 0.000292; h = 0.2) was higher than that in Eastern china (π= 0.000145; h = 0.067). The mean of haplotype diversity in population (hs) and the nucleic acid diversity (πS) among H.glauca population was largely different. The haplotype diversity in population (hs) and the nucleic acid diversity (πS) were not related with altitude, longitude and latitude. ANOVA analysis indicated that the genetic variation among different H.glauca population is 67.54%, which inclued 2.97% as genetic diversity among the geography region, which was not significant. The variation happened in the intergroup, there were not significant correlation between the genetic distance and geography distance in the whole population distribution. In this studiy, we found that there were three genetic distribution center of H.glauca, which located in the junction between Longxi, Sichuan and Hubei, the Dawei mountain in Yunnan and Huang Mountain. The three center contain all the three kinds of Haplotype, and the other population only contain one widely haplotype (Hap1).(2) The annual average temperature of H.glauca habitat in Daxi, Zhejiang is 20.5℃, the annual average relative humidity is 65.5%, the annual average illumination intensity is 5800lx, and the annual average relative soil water content is 19.4%. The environment is fit to grow for plant. There are 75 species vascular plant, belonged to 43 families, 64 genus. The results showed that the diversity index is high. the mean Simpson index is 0.778, the mean Shannon-wiener index is 2.258, the mean PIE is 0.783, and the mean the community evenness is 0.783. The shrub type is secondary evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest.(3) The content of macroelement, such as Nitrogen(N), Phosphorus(P), Potassium(K), Calcium(Ca), Magnesium(Mg), Manganese(Mn), were on the peak in top growth stage. And the content of many elements, such as sulphur(S), calcium(Ca), Magnesium(Mg), iron(Fe), boron(B), zinc(Zn), copper(Cu), molybdenum(Mo), sodium(Na), increased in growth stage, and then decreased. The variation trend was similar. There were significantly correlation between these mineral elements: N and P, N and K, P and K, K and Fe, Ca and Mo Na and N, Na and Mg. And the variation trend of N, P, K in H.glauca plant were simlar to that in soil.(4) Under different soil water content, the intercellular CO2 content (Ci) had no change in H.glauca plants, which indicated that the decline of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was not the main reason causing decline of stomatal conductance. The 80~60% of soil water content could not cause the obvious change in Fv/Fm, F′v/F′m, qP,ФPSⅡand ETR. However, when the soil water content was below 60%, the value of Fv/Fm,F′v/F′m,qP,ФPSⅡand ETR reduced obviously. These results suggested that the non-photochemistry energy dissipation in PSII antenna pigment is significantly rised, which have some protection effect on photosynthetic apparatus under the drought stress. With more seriously drought stress, the phenomenon of membrane lipid peroxidation happened.(5) The optimum illumination intensity of H.glauca spore propagation is 40μmol·m-2·s-1, and the developmental rate of gametophyte grow into sporophyte is 48.4%. The best matrix is peatsoil-subsoil, while worst effect is sand. The optimum temperature is 20～25℃. The gametophyte stage would keep below or over this temperature and could not grow into the sporophyte. The time from spore germination to sporophyte needed 90 days approximately, which was lower than the growth speed of other fern plant.(6) Under aseptic condition, the appropriate time of gametophyte propagation culture is about 41～50 day using gametophyte as explants. The optimal culture mediums were MS+6-BA0.5 +NAA0.5 and MS+6-BA0.5 +NAA1.0, and the optimal temperature is 25℃for gametophyte culture. However, there was no significant difference among gametophyte propagation using the different culture medium. When the large number of sporophyte were generated in sporophyte induction process, the successive transfer culture should be needed.
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