| The study of allusions in middle ancient Chinese language is not enough. Achievements in predecessors’were focused on several aspects:the kinds of the allusions, the results of using allusions and how to using allusions appropriately. These achievements are still in the description stage or in the classification stage. In the procedure of allusion annotation, people prefer to quote many documents, that is to say, people always find the source of allusion by keeping the letter of the sentences, but not the spirit. Citing allusions is an important rhetoric mode in the literatures in middle ancient. And people who dedicated themselves to annotating the works of ancient writers tried their best to commentate the allusions. So it is necessary to study on the inside cognitive mechanism of allusions, and it is most needed to investigate the suitable ways of annotating allusions.Pursuiting of subtle and elegant language is one of the most important features of medieval literature language, so the writers used abundant allusions in the poems. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties period, there was a famous writer named Xuling whose literary works is known for appropriate allusions.The digest of Xu Ling’s articles is inside the field of ancient literature, but this work can not be separated from the research of ancient Chinese language which is the basis and support. There were many problems in the precess of studying XuLing’s literalry works, such as problems in textual criticism, mistakes in explanatory notes. All these problems embodied the importance and the necesserities of linguists’study.With scattering and disappearing in many political disturbances, the collection of Xu Ling’s works now circulate among people is compiled by later generations in Ming Dynasty. There are127pieces of writing in the collection in all. It consists of42poems and85pieces of rhythmical prose including at the least1491allusions. In this present age the biggest obstacle of reading the collection of Xu Ling’s writings is understanding the allusions inside them.In consideration of this situation, a scholar in Qing Dynasty named Wu Zhaoyi putted the main emphasis of his commentary on the allusion annotation, and he removed the great majority of the obstacles in reading. But for many reasons, there were still lots of mistakes and absences in his commentary.On the basis of Wu Zhaoyi’s achievements, Xu Yimin also made explanatory notes to the literary works of Xu Ling. He added many comments to these articles, but made little progress in allusion annotation. In Xu Yimin’s explanatory notes, there were lots of new problems which can’t be found in Wu Zhaoyi’s commentary. And the worse situation is that Xu Yimin didn’t find the suitable ways of annotating allusions either.In accordance with the shortcomings of Wu Zhaoyi’s annotation and Xu Yimin’s comment, this thesis discussed the basis of allusions under the theories of cognitive linguistics, hammered in the meaning of allusions by finding out the connections between the allusion and the article, and pointed out two important things in the process of annotating allusions:the elements of an allusion and the connections between the allusion and the article.There are four achievements in this thesis:1Discussing several concepts about the allusion in an all-round way.2Pointing out the basis of allusions which contains metaphor and metonymy.3Investigating the suitable ways of annotating allusions under the metaphor theory and metonymy theory of cognitive linguistics.4By the way of practice, this thesis settled some problems of the allusions annotation in the collection of Xu ling’s literary works, and made supplementary and corrections of the annotations.
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