| As an important economic crop, tobacco plays an important role in China’s nationaleconomy. Due to tobacco demand control，the western developed countries gradually reducetobacco production. Meanwhile, China still actively expands tobacco production in tobaccoplanting area, tobacco supply and demand become separated from each other, unified controlof industry doesn’t work and resource allocation and use waste seriously. The emergence ofthese problems has a direct relationship with China’s current tobacco leaf industry chainorganization mode. China’s current tobacco leaf industry chain organization mode is "cigarettemanufacturing companies (industrial companies)+tobacco commercial companies(commercial companies)+tobacco farmers ". In this mode, tobacco leaf demand side and thesupply side are artificially isolated. Commercial companies occupy the dominant position ofindustry chain, monopolize the local tobacco purchase and distribution, organize tobaccoplanting and allocation from their own and local interests, which harms farmers and cigarettemanufacturing company’s interests, is not conducive to the health of China’s tobacco industrydevelopment. On the one hand, forcing farmers to plate tobacco leaf, the farmers legitimateinterests has been violated, growers cooperative appears alienation. On the other hand,tobacco transition between commercial companies and industrial companies always gets lowqualification rate. For industrial companies, it is difficult to obtain reliable raw material, whoare forced to take a large loss. The State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau has been trying to changethe allocations way for years, but did not achieve significant results. In contrast with domestic,in recent years, multinational tobacco companies gradually strengthen the control of tobaccosupply of raw materials through vertical integration, sign contracts with growers directlybypassing middlemen; foreignal tobacco leaf production and ancillary services are mature.Based on the farm, the cooperation organizations of various farmers play active roles incontacting farmers and tobacco companies, supporting suppliers. Whether it is to improveresource allocation and utilization of Chinese tobacco industry’s efficiency, or from the pointof view to meet the needs of tobacco control, it’s necessary to do the evaluation andoptimization of the existing chain organization model.Based on industry chain management, transaction cost theory and game theory, etc., in an overview of domestic and international tobacco industry chain organizational status, thispaper, using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, has done empirical evaluation onthe performance of China’s current tobacco leaf industry chain organization mode, hasidentified and analyzed the factors affecting the change of China’s current tobacco leafindustry chain organization mode. And then, it has discussed the space of Chinese tobaccoleaf industry chain transformation within the provisions of the Tobacco Monopoly Law,analyzed the space for improvement. From the perspective of transaction cost, this paperproposed recommendations for Chinese tobacco leaf industry chain transformation, has donethe feasibility analysis and analyzed the pros and cons, and finally put forward implementation paths of the new mode.The main conclusions of this study include the following aspects:Firstly, the evaluation result of China’s current tobacco leaf industry chain organizationmode,"cigarette manufacturing companies (industrial companies)+tobacco commercialcompanies (commercial companies)+tobacco farmers" is worse. According to the maximummembership degree principle, the staff involved in the evaluation on the whole consideredthat "cigarette manufacturing companies+tobacco commercial companies+farmers" modelis not good enough, and to the membership degree distribution plan synthetic, slightlyinclined to worse; the staff involved in the evaluation without the tobacco commercialcompany staff considered that "cigarette manufacturing companies+tobacco commercialcompanies+farmers" model is worse, either. Evaluation results indicate that China’s tobaccoindustry model should be improved.Secondly, many complicated factors affected Chinese tobacco leaf industry chaintransformation, which included the laws and regulations, sector policies, the local government,companies involved in the industry chain and farmers. It is necessary to consider the needs ofthe overall efficiency in the industry chain, and also consider the mutual interests of the multicontainment in any change of the organizational mode. Especially local governments,commercial enterprises and other active intervention of vested interests may hinder thechange of China’s tobacco industry chain organizational mode.Thirdly, the space to improve the efficiency of the current tobacco industry chainorganization mode is very narrow. According to the theory of monopoly elements of themarket, commercial companies, as integrated monopolist, would always find ways to increasethe supply of tobacco leaf; local government undue interference doesn’t reduce because of thedecisions on tobacco taxes; Whether it is relative to the local government, or with respect tocommercial companies, the individual farmers is weak in the game, farmers organizationsneed to be established in order to represent the interests of farmers and enhance the right in the market; Industrial companies in the game is completely passive acceptance of the status,who lack of a favorable response, which illustrates a problem within the industry division.Fourthly,"Industrial companies+farmers" model assisted under professional servicecooperatives is the direction of the reform. This mode helps reducing transaction costs inChina tobacco industry chain, which is conducive to enhance the effectiveness of the entiretobacco industry, has Pareto improvement effect and feasibility. Implementation path for thenew model includes setting up the reform pilot and farmers’ cooperative organizations, andthe elimination of tax effects and other aspects of tobacco leaf.
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