Study On Development Of Marine Fisheries In Hebei Province

Marine economy will become a new growth pole of 21 st century economic development. Many coastal countries have made vital plans about marine space and industries development since 1980 s. In China, the National Marine Economic Development “12th five” Plan was promulgated by The State Council in 2012. According to the plan, the land-sea integrated development strategy should be insisted, and a strategy of sustainable development of marine economy should be implemented. Furthermore, "focusing on promoting regional development of coastal areas in Hebei province" was specially mentioned in this plan. Hebei province has continuously issued a series of policies and regulations, aiming to promote the marine economy development and build a leading growth pole among coastal areas, thus to build "a coastal economic province".With the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei economic integration and industrial restructuring, marine fishery of Hebei province ushered new opportunities in its development proceeding. This research was conducted from the production--processing--circulation chain perspective while taking marine fishery in Hebei province as research object, and used related theories such as industry economics, regional economics, and marine economics as methods. This research summarized the status of Hebei province’s marine fishery development, and analyzed features of the fishery development with descriptive statistics method, compared research method and measurement economics model, etc. this research also analyzed the existing problems in the developing process. Besides of those, this research focused on the financial support of Hebei’s marine fisheries and fishery mutual insurance building, and suggested to promote rapid development of marine fisheries in Hebei province. The main research conclusions are as follows:First, an investigation on the development situation of marine fisheries in Hebei province was conducted through both representative and questionnaires surveys. The results suggested that 1) scallop farming developed fast in Hebei, and has been in the led status. However, many problems such like scallop nursery lagging, farming varieties aging, pest and environmental pollution, have restricted scallop farming development; 2) Aquatic products processing capacity increased fast in Hebei. However, problems like enterprises insufficient, processing process primary, and products single existed; 3) The marine fisheries circulation output shares a small portion of Hebei’s fisheries economic gross. There are mainly four species aquatic products circulation modes as the leading circulation routes, including wholesale market and retail markets, supermarket, stores, and e-commerce platform.Second, the characteristics of marine fishery developments in Hebei were summarized through method of historical and transverse comparison while basing on the analysis of current situation. That is, the marine fisheries development in Hebei are general falling behind; fisheries industry structure is not reasonable; and aquatic products processing and circulating industry lag, thus restrict the development of marine fisheries. Malmquist index method was used for analyzing the changes and constitutes of marine fisheries production efficiency in Hebei province. Results showed that compared to other coastal provinces, Hebei province’s marine fisheries technology level is much lower, resulting in the growth of total factor productivity limitation; by comparison of four circulation patterns, and combining with Williamson’s transaction cost theory, we suggest “farm to market” mode is better suitable for aquatic products characteristic.Third, the marine fisheries technology extension in Hebei mainly include financial support for technology promotion, technical training of fishermen, and fishermen’s own re-education and training; the financial support in Hebei, which is in the same direction with national financial support for fisheries, including fisheries diesel subsidies, fisheries subsidies oil prices, fishermen job conversions, conservation of fisheries resources and so on; And analysis of the differential impact on marine fishing and mariculture of improving income subsidies and lowing cost-type subsidies was conducted with application of economic theory: marine fishing in established marine resources will lead fishermen’s catches increase and fishery resource deterioration; while for the mariculture industry, it will promote the development of mariculture and stimulate enthusiasm of farmers.Fourth, fishery insurance has features of high risk, high loss ratio and high operating costs compared to other agricultural insurances due to the characteristics of fishery production. And it is difficult to identify responsibility, assess damage claims and prevent moral deliberation when comes to insurance claims. The characteristics of fisheries insurance make it a must to implement policy fisheries insurance. This article introduces contents of Japan’s "Fishery Masonic System" and " Fishing Association Masonic System " and Korea’s " Water Association Freemasonry " aiming to provide references for our policy fisheries insurance system.Fifth, marine fisheries in Hebei province have elementary advantage and huge potential for development. But the existing marine fisheries scale is smaller and the enterprise competitiveness is weaker compared to other provinces. Therefore, we proposed suggestions in this research including straightening out relations, rational planning, scientific decision-making, multi-point monitoring, and early warning of ecological, and environmental protection; also measurements as improving facilities, technology leading, and promoting innovation should be conducted; besides strengthening enterprise cooperation, establishing cold chain logistics system, widened funds channel, and renewing financing environment are recommended.The innovation of the dissertation is that: build the marine fishery production function in hebei province; Through the tax collection of offshore fishery resource to relieve the exhausted offshore fishery resources;Carry out fisheries subsidies in Marine aquaculture, to stimulate the enthusiasm of farming enterprises, increase the fishery production.