Research On The Development Of Recreational Fishery Based On The Construction Of Marine Ranching

After entering the 21st century, the recreational fisheries in our country have developed rapidly, which have brought enormous economic and social benefits and have shown great development potential. Therefore, the sustainable development of the recreational fisheries has been highly prized by the public. However, with the increasing demand, the recreational fisheries face the constraints of marine fishery resources. For both the quantity and the quality, the fishery resources in coastal areas of our country are declining, which will become the bottleneck of the development of the recreational fisheries. Meanwhile, the construction of marine ranching in coastal areas has stepped into the period of rapid development. Not only is the problem of shortage of the offshore fishery resources sorted out hopefully, but the new opportunity for the development of the recreational fisheries has been brought.Given this, the article is finding new ways to promote the development of the recreational fisheries from the perspective of the construction of marine ranching.That is to say, the paper takes the recreational fisheries based on the marine ranching as the research object and it is guided by the contradiction theory of tourism, the thought of tourism system development, the idea of sustainable development, the theory of the recreational fisheries development, the theory of marine functional zoning and fisheries economics. Following the research idea, whose sequence is connotation analysis, development foundation, formation mechanism, system construction, comprehensive evaluation and path exploration, the paper systematically and comprehensively studies the marine ranching and the recreational fisheries in coastal areas of our country, which will offer the references for the development of the recreational fisheries based on the the construction of marine ranching in coastal area of our country.First of all, the paper analyzes and generalizes the environment of fishery development and coastal tourism development, which are the basic conditions developing the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching in coastal areas of our country should have. After defining the function of coastal waters according to the marine functional zoning in China, the paper analyzes the demands that the construction of marine ranching made on natural environment of coastal waters. The paper has thorough understanding of the fishery environment of coastal waters in China by finding out the status quo of the fishery resources, the changes of the traditional fishing grounds and the development of fishery aquaculture, briefly summarizes the development of coastal tourism in China. Moreover, the article has an analysis on the present situation of the construction of marine ranching in the coastal area of China and summarizes the stages of the development of the recreational fisheries in coastal areas of our country.Secondly, the paper explains the reasons for utilizing the marine ranching to promote the development of the recreational fisheries. Putting forward the contradiction between resources and the development and the contradiction among the stakeholders, which the the recreational fisheries are faced up with. This article analyzes the formation of the contradictions by means of the theory of "the tragedy of the commons", Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory and the relative deprivation theory. By analysis on the correlation between marine fishing, traditional aquaculture, enhancement and releasing and the recreational fisheries, the paper verifies high correlation between fishery resources and the recreational fisheries, which also indirectly proves that it is very necessary to study the development of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching. From the angle of the fisheries resources supply, the recreational fisheries can be divided into three types, which are the type of natural supply, the type of traditional aquaculture and the type of marine ranching. By contrast, marine ranching has obvious advantage in fisheries resources supply, the integration between industries and the experience of the recreational fisheries. Therefore, marine ranching can ease the conflict among stakeholders by resolving the contradiction between resources and the development existing in the recreational fisheries, which will ultimately offer a good approach of development.Thirdly, the paper establishes the process of the development of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching. On basis of the analysis of the development foundation and the mechanism of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching, the paper builds the development system of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching. The system consists of development environment, the subsystem of the recreational fisheries, the subsystem of fishery resources and the subsystem of marine ranching. The development environment provides the other three subsystems development foundation and environment. Marine ranching applies the integrated technology into the fisheries resource enhancement and releasing, which will satisfy the recreational fisheries’ growing demands on the biologic amount of fishery resources.The development environment consists of marine natural environment, the basic environment of fisheries and coastal tourism environment. According to the idea of tourism development system, the subsystem of the recreational fisheries includes tourism resources, tourism market, infrastructure of the recreational fisheries and other factors related to tourism industry. According to the change model of the biologic amount of fishery resources, the subsystem of fishery resources includes the catches and recruitmen of fishery resources. According to the technology classification, the subsystem of marine ranching includes the technology of fishing ground establishment and the technology of fishery resources conservation. The paper selects the corresponding indicators for the description and analysis of each subsystem, which will have thorough knowledge of the development status of each link of development system of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching in coastal areas of our country.Fourthly, according to the development system of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching, the paper evaluates comprehensively the development situation of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching in 11 coastal provinces or cities of China, by extracting each level index and using the method of AHP, entropy method and cluster analysis method. The article analyzes the development level in coastal areas of China from four aspects, which are development environment, the subsystem of the recreational fisheries, the subsystem of fishery resources and the subsystem of marine ranching. Based on that, the comprehensive evaluation results of the development of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching in coastal areas of China can be classified. Research shows that the overall development level of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching in coastal areas of China the development can be divided into three levels. The regions of the first level are Shandong Province, Liaoning Province, Guangdong Province and Fujian province. The regions of the second level are Zhejiang province and Jiangsu province. The regions of the third level are Guangxi Province, Hainan Province, Shanghai City, Hebei Province and Tianjin city. The paper makes further analysis on the evaluation results from the aspects of the quantity distribution of each level, the size of the comprehensive index value and spatial distribution.Finally, the paper puts forward different development paths and related suggestions according to the development of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching in different areas. The ultimate goal of the development the recreational fisheries based on the construction of marine ranching is to realize the coordination and integration development between marine ranching and the recreational fisheries. By establishing the correlation coefficient matrix between them, the paper judges the core and associated factors of the development of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching in different areas. Making further analysis on the related factors and development environment, fishery resources, the article explores the development paths of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching in different areas.The research results show that:the development path of the regions of the first level includes replacing the recreational fisheries based on traditional aquaculture with the one based on marine ranching, expanding the amount of fishery resources to improve the quality of the development of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching, attracting coastal tourists to expand the market of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching and focusing on the economic benefits of the development of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching. The development path of the regions of the second level includes enhancing the development and management environment of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching by improving water quality of coastal waters, ensuring the sustainable supply of fishery resources of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching by reducing the scale of marine catch, utilizing the integration between the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching and the fishermen’s change of industry and work, and exploiting the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching by reasonable use of the space of fishing villages. The development path of the regions of the third level includes improving the level suitable for traveling in coastal waters to increase opportunities for the recreational fisheries, which thus improving the quality of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching, carrying out a comprehensive infrastructure establishment to ensure the integration development between marine ranching and the recreational fisheries. Based on the above analysis, the paper aims at providing auxiliary decision support for the development of the recreational fisheries based on marine ranching in China.