Research On Promotion Path Of Chinese Manufacturing Tasks Trade Status

With the development of economic globalization and technology progress of transportation and communications, different tasks and links in the production process are distributed to different countries, forming a new form of international division of labor. Since the reform and opening up, according to labor and land resource advantages, China manufacturing industry has participated in international division of labor actively. Since then on, the scope of participation in the global international division continues to expand, and the participation degree is deepening. China has gradually become an important production base of manufacturing industry in the world. However, there is still an obvious gap between Chinese manufacturing and developed countries. The mode of growth of China’s manufacturing needs to change.Results of Chinese manufacturing show that in period of 1995-2011 China’s manufacturing industry tasks trade participation degree increased. Five industry division of labor which have a higher degree are electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, plastics and rubber industry, metal products industry and the chemical industry. From the view of production and products, the sub indices are constructed. The comprehensive index system to evaluate status of tasks trade is built by Entropy Method. The study found China manufacturing tasks trade status grew steadily in and before 2008. In 2009 effected by global economic weakness, the status of each manufactured sector has declined which recovered in 2011. The status of every sector is different. In accordance with the comprehensive index value, China’s manufacture sectors fall into three types, say high, medium and low. Status of electrical, optical equipment manufacturing industry is highest, and non-metallic mineral products industry is lowest.Model analysis indicates that as a developing country, participating in the global tasks division can promote the accumulation of physical capital and human capital, and contribute to human capital biased technology progress. Empirical studies show that, in the sample period, China manufacturing tasks trade participation degree and technical efficiency are positively related. For industry with certain tasks trade participation, the higher technology intensive degree is, the more technological progress is. Market competition promotes the technical efficiency and technical progress rate. R&D also has a promoting effect on the rate of technology progress, but often lags. Participating in the global tasks has a significant role in promoting the innovation ability. FDI, physical capital accumulation, the education degree of labor and funding for innovation capability play a promoting role. Research also shows that with the rising of participation degree of tasks trade, technological progress is more biased in the direction of human capital. Relative return of physical capital promotes physical capital-biased technological progress. When the participation degree is constant, the higher technology intensive level is, the more biased in favor of physical capital direction technology progress is.Analysis of tasks trade status promotion of Chinese manufacturing points out promotion ways which are based on factor structure change and human capital biased technology progress. Research shows that technical efficiency is helped to promote status for the labor intensive, capital intensive and capital intensive manufacturing industry. Moreover, to the labor-intensive manufacturing industry, technological progress rate may improves the tasks trade, but there is a certain time lag; physical capital accumulation can also raise the status very slightly; the more human capital biased the progress is, the more obvious improve of tasks trade position. For capital intensive manufacturing industry, technological progress rate and biased technological progress is not significant; the role of physical capital accumulation in promoting is little. For the capital and technology intensive manufacturing industry, promotion role of technological progress is lagged significantly; human capital biased technological progress has a positive impact on division position. For different industries, Chinese manufacturing enterprises should choose different improve way, such as intra-task and inter-tasks promotions, based on characteristics of the industry and its own competitive advantage. At the same time, they also can choose the progressive or leapfrog upgrade modes.On this basis, some proposals are put forward. Chinese manufacturing industry should participate in the global tasks actively to improve the ability of independent innovation; establish and improve the service system of scientific and technological achievements commercialization, shorten the lag of scientific and technological achievements transformation; pay attention to personnel training and education, and fundamentally promote technological progress; continue to increase R&D investment, improve R&D investment structure; formulate relevant policies, guide the industry investment structure; create a healthy competition environment, promote the coordinated development among regions.