A Study On Industrial Linkage Between Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt And Hinterland And Northeast Asia

Economic globalization and regional integration is the development trend of the present times. In the past30years, China has conformed to the trend of economic globalization. With the opening-up, China’s manufacturing and service industries are increasingly gathering in the eastern coastal regions that is close to international market, so China’s industrial distribution shows "center-periphery" pattern. That means the eastern coastal regions is the center and the hinterland is the periphery. The opening-up changes Chinese spatial distribution of industries. At the same time, it increases the regional industrial disparities and weakens the connections between the eastern coastal areas and the hinterland. To promote the coordinated development of interregional industry and change the reality of China’s interregional opening which lags behind the opening-up, the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteen proposed to build "a new system of open economy" that pays attention to the interregional opening and external opening. That is to say, the interregional opening-up has become a national strategy, and the connotation of economic opening is no longer limited to the external opening.For China which is composed of numerous regions, each region has two dimensions, the external opening-up and the interregional opening-up. Accordingly, industrial linkage includes inside spatial dimensions and outside spatial dimensions. In the condition of two-dimensional opening-up, promoting interregional industrial linkage development is of great realistic significance for optimizing Chinese spatial distribution of industries, advancing interregional industry coordination and building a harmonious society undoubtedly. However, the interregional industrial linkage studies need to select the appropriate subject and spatial scales, so that the research findings are representative and universal. The paper takes Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt as the research object, because Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt possesses unique geographical conditions. That determines the industrial linkage of the zone has multiple spatial dimensions. For example, Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt can interact with the hinterland and the Northeast Asia in industrial cooperation. With the further implementation of the strategy of revitalizing northeast old industrial base and the opening-up of Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt which has become a national strategy, taking Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt as an example for study is not only representative, but also has great practical significance.In the two-dimensional opening-up conditions, promoting the industrial linkage development among Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt, the hinterland and Northeast Asia is not only beneficial to the allocation of resources in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt in a larger scope and enhances the economic development of endogenous power, but also helps to facilitate the coordinated development of the Northeast Economic Zone and forms a mutually beneficial and win-win opening-up pattern. Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt has strong complementarities with the hinterland and Northeast Asia in resources, regional conditions, industrial gradient, functional orientation, etc., which constitute the objective foundation for linkage development. But industrial linkage development of the two sides is still at the primary stage, so the industrial cooperation potential has not been fully exhibited. Therefore, the paper constructs modes of industrial linkage in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt on the basis of foreign experience of industrial linkage, and provides the implementation of specific path.The paper consists eight chapters.Chapter I:It describes the research background and significance, and summarizes the relevant research literature at home and abroad, and determines research method and structural arrangements, and cites the innovations and inadequacies.Chapter II:It reviews the relevant theories of industrial interaction from three aspects, including the industrial division, industrial agglomeration and industrial transfer.Chapter III:Under the two-dimensional open condition, industrial interaction space in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt can be defined as Liaoning hinterland, Northeast hinterland and Northeast Asia. Based on the definition, the paper analyses industry characteristics of the three regions mentioned above.Chapter IV:This chapter analyses the current situation of industry linkage between Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt and hinterland, Northeast Asia. The study found that Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt interact with Liaoning hinterland most frequently. And its interaction with the northeast hinterland industry developed rapidly. But its interaction effect with Northeast Asia is not so obvious.Chapter V:From the perspective of industry and space, the paper researches typical foreign modes of interregional industrial linkage. Firstly, it analyzes American interregional industrial division model and industrial convergence-diffusion model. The study found that American industrial division experienced a transformation from inter-industries division as the main way of division to intra-industries division and value chain division. Commodity circulation and interregional trade are the main reasons for the change. Agglomeration center of American manufacturing transferred from the northeastern coastal area to the central and western regions, the western and southern regions gradually. Factors such as capital and labor mobility are the primary impetus of promoting inter-regional transfer of industry. Secondly, the paper studies the point-line-surface mode of the northeastern coast areas in the United States and Harmonious development mode of function areas of Randstad areas in Holland from the perspective of spatial interaction. The study found that the industrial interaction of the northeastern coast areas in the United States expands gradually from point to line and from line to surface. While Randstad areas in Holland began to show different space characteristics. That the multi-center cities surround "Groene Hart" is the main space characteristic of Randstad areas.Chapter VI:On the basis of foreign experience, the paper puts forward four aspects for constructing the mode of industrial linkage in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt. These aspects are industrial division, the industrial transfer, Harmonious development of function areas and the point-line-surface mode. The study results indicated that the interactive development between Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt and economically developed regions in the hinterland, for example Shenyang Metropolitan Area, Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Pilot Zone and Ha-da-qi industrial corridor, is suitable to adopt horizontal mode of industrial division; the interactive development between the belt and economically underdeveloped regions in the hinterland are suitable to take vertical industrial division; the interactive development between the belt and Northeast Asia area are suitable to adopt hybrid industrial division, In the industrial transfer mode, gradient transfer mode can be used in the interaction of Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt and the hinterland."Flying Geese Theory" can be adopted in the interaction with Northeast Asia. Harmonious development mode of function areas is an important way to promote harmonious development of interregional industry and sustainable development. Based on the regional resources and environmental carrying capacity, existing development strength and development potential, Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt and the hinterland should determine development directions and major functions for different regions, and promote coordination and optimization of industry, population, ecology, resources etc. In the point-line-surface mode, Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt can use polar nucleus mode with Dalian at its core. And Liaoning province can adopt two-wheel mode by viewing Dalian and Shenyang as two cores. What’s more, the Northeast Economic Zone is suitable to use cooperation mode of Axial Belt and "fan circle radiation" mode which is evolved by cooperation mode of Axial Belt.Chapter VII:It provides policy recommendations for Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt on industrial interaction. Combining with the actual situation of Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt, the paper puts forward specific policy recommendations on industrial division, industrial transfer, Harmonious development of function areas and traffic network construction, etc. These recommendations are proposed on the basis of summarizing regional interaction patterns and following the pragmatic principles.Chapter VIII:It summarizes the text and puts forward the main conclusions.There are two innovations in the paper:First, the research on industrial interaction in two-dimensional open conditions is still a blank field. The paper makes an attempt in this aspect and attempts to study the industrial interaction levels of Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt from the two spatial dimensions of the hinterland and Northeast Asia.Second, the paper constructs interaction modes of industrial space in Liaoning Coastal Economic Zone on the basis of foreign experience of industrial interaction. The current research on the interaction of industrial space is mostly based on the practice for regional development, which is lack of globalization and international perspective. In fact, the interactive practice of industrial space has already begun for a few years, and made a lot of successful experience in foreign countries. Therefore, constructing interaction modes of industrial space in Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt on the basis of foreign experience is an innovation point of this paper.