The Impact Of Opening To The Outside World On The Economic Growth In Northeast China

Nowadays, there is a high downward pressure on economic growth in Northeast region under the China’s new normal. The economic growth of the three provinces in the northeast ranked bottom in 2014 which caused extensive concern of social public. It is called New Northeast Phenomenon. The old industrial base revitalization in the Northeast of China has scored prominent and stage results since the reform and opening up, especially in 2003, the economic output achieving a new level while the livelihood of the people improving significantly. However, under the new situation, the economic development of Northeast region has faced severe difficulties and challenges whose deep-seated problems in institution mechanism has further highlighted while its structural contradiction between the new drive and old drive in the slow economic growth is serious. The fundamental solution to these problems has two aspects:one is comprehensively deepening reform and opening up while another is continuing its opening up. As the north window to the opening up of our country, the Belt and Road Initiative has provided wide space for deepening the opening up and economic growth.This paper makes a research on the effects of the opening up to the economic growth from the angle of the opening up. By comparing with developed countries and empirical analysis, there are two problems existing in northeast region:one is that regional openness is relatively low; another is opening to the outside is lack of promoting effects on the economic growth. For the two major problems, a deeper analysis is raised from the aspects of location factors, structural factors and relevant institution. On the one hand, the complexity of global financial crisis and the northeast regional cooperation has restricted the northeast China’s opening to the outside world. On the other hand, the factors that contain industrial structure of Northeast China, state-owned enterprises and the degree of marketization repress the level and effect of opening up to the outsides. Therefore, integrating the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, focusing on perfecting the systems and mechanisms, improving industry structure, constructing the opening economic new system is the inevitable course for achieving opening wider to the outside world and a new round of prosperity.The article analyzes from four aspects. First, combine literature research method and comparative approach. According to the analysis on the existing literature, we do a deep study. The comparative approach in the article is embodied in two sides. The one is opening degree comparison; another side is the relationship between opening degree and elastic coefficient of economic growth. Second, combine theoretical research and empirical research. The article which studies the influence of opening-up to the economic growth in northeast region should base on the relevant theories and do experimental verification. By the means, we can draw a accurate and reliable conclusion. Third, combine quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis. This article uses a comprehensive evaluation system and a variety of statistical yearbooks to accurately measure the opening to the outside world of the northeast region, the last aspect is the method of game analysis. In this paper, the economic cooperation between China and Japan is carried on the game method.This paper is divided into 8 chapters. The first chapter is introduction, which set forth the research significance, the research methods and main content of the basic structure, the main innovation and the deficiency. The second chapter expounds the literature at home and abroad. It arranges and reviews separately from the two aspects of the relationship between openness and economic growth. And the third chapter introduces the related theories of the relationship between regional economic growth and opening up. The relationship between foreign trade and regional economic growth are discussed. The fourth chapter analyses the present situation of the opening and economic growth in Northeast China. Firstly, from the perspective of scale and structure, foreign trade and the introduction of foreign direct investment in Northeast China are analyzed; secondly, it analyses the situation of economic growth in the northeast region from the total amount, speed and spatial distribution. The fifth chapter is about an empirical analysis of the effect of opening on economic growth. First of all, it estimates and comparatively analyses the degree of opening to the outside world, trade openness and investment openness on Northeast. On the basis of this, this chapter uses the Cobb Douglas Function and conducts an empirical analysis on the relationship between Northeast opening degree and economic growth, and based on the panel data, it comparatively analyses Northeast China, the Yangtze River Delta and the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region. This chapter is the core of the paper. The sixth chapter discusses the main factor which influences the Northeast’s opening up and economic growth. First, it carries on the analysis to the international environment of Northeast opening; then, the effect of location factors, institutional factors and structural factors on Northeast China’s opening up and economic growth are respectively analyzed. The seventh chapter introduces the opportunities and challenges that Northeast opening is facing. The content is mainly about pushing forward "The Belt and Road Initiative" on the new location of Northeast China, expanding new opportunities in Northeast China which are afforded by Pilot Free Trade Zone and enlarging new requirements for international capacity cooperation and manufacturing cooperation. The eighth chapter affords countermeasures and recommendations on expanding the opening up of the northeast region to promote economic growth. Based on the research and analysis in this paper, four aspects are suggested.