Research On The Tourism Development Access Assessment Of Rural Settlement

The development of rural settlement tourism is the hotspot and trend of the development of Chinese tourism industry, and the strong boosting of market demands and the energetic support of the national policies have made the "wave phenomenon" of the development of rural settlement tourism and the "uneven phenomenon" of the development of tourism villages appear in quantity. In addition, due to the lack of relevant theoretical guidance, there are endless debates on protection or development, stage construction, development intensity and other aspects of the development of rural settlement tourism. In view of this, it is needed to discriminate whether the vast rural areas "are suitable for developing rural settlement tourism" in the early stage of the development and clearly position the initial conditions of the development of rural settlement tourism so as to change the phenomenon of decisions "without basis", construction "without order", and the theory "without guiding principle" in the development of rural settlement tourism.Based on this, using the research methods of combining literature analysis with survey interview, qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, and cross disciplines with software accessibility and on the basis of expounding the research background and significance, research progress and review, as well as research foundation and methods and research idea and framework (chapter one), this paper has used the related theories of access mechanism, tourism development, tourism attraction and suitability as the basis (chapter two) to creatively put forward the concept of rural settlement tourism access mechanism and expounded its connotation, function and characteristics of the resource access mechanism systematically (chapter three); at the same time, this paper has established the access evaluation model formed by the coupling of attraction and suitability and described the definitions of observation indexes systematically (chapter four); based on theoretical research, this paper has respectively evaluated the attraction and suitability of56villages in the world heritage landscape core area of Yuanyang Hani terrace through entropy evaluation method, and then, it has made AS coupling with IPA analysis and established the development access mode that conforms to the reality of the development of Yuanyang rural settlement tourism. On the basis of quantitative analysis, this paper has proposed four patterns based on resource access mode used to discriminate the development of rural settlement tourism of Yuanyang Hani landscape area, development phases and development intensity (chapter five); finally, the research conclusion and prospect are given (chapter six). This paper has mainly drawn the following conclusions:(1) Rural settlement refers to space collection based on agricultural production, including rural housing, life, rest, work and various social and cultural activities. Rural tourism refers to a variety of tourist activities occurring in rural areas, undertaken by relying on the "rural" tourism resources. Rural tourism resources refer to rural ecology, rural life, rural production, rural culture and other natural and human factors with local rural nature in the rural areas which can attract tourists. Rural settlement tourism development is the process to make the rural settlement as resources and transform tourism resources into products through the development and construction activities.(2) Tourism development access assessment refers to the institutional arrangement and design of the qualification restriction and affirmation for whether the tourism resource is suitable to be developed before the development of tourism through the assessment and judgment of the development value and condition of tourism resource. Tourism development access assessment of rural settlement has the functions of setting up a development threshold, improving the level of decision-making, reducing investment risks and standardizing market order.(3) Tourism development access assessment model of rural settlement is mainly composed of two dimension indexes including "attraction of rural settlement tourism resource" and "suitability of rural settlement tourism resource", in which "attraction of rural settlement tourism’" is used to represent the value of rural settlement tourism resource and the necessity of the development and "suitability of rural settlement tourism" is used to represent the feasibility of the development of rural settlement tourism resource itself, namely whether it is suitable for development. (4) According to different sizes of attraction and suitability of rural settlement tourism resources, it can be divided into four kinds of access models, namely high attraction and high suitability (HaHs)——preferential development, low attraction and high suitability (LaHs)——secondary development, low attraction and low suitability (LaLs)——unfavorable development, and high attraction and low suitability (HaLs)——forward development.(5) In the56tourism villages in Yuanyang Hani terrace landscape area, there are11belonging to preferential development (HaHs),13belonging to secondary development (LaHs),19belonging to unfavorable development (LaLs), and13belonging to forward development (HaLs).The research significance of this paper lies in that:it has filled up the gap of the theoretical research of the development of rural settlement tourism and proposed the basic theory of initial conditions of the development of rural settlement tourism with the breakthrough point of "access evaluation"; it has innovated the evaluation theory of rural settlement tourism resources and make the coupling evaluation of attraction and suitability of rural settlement tourism resources; it has provided theoretical guidance for decision-making of the development and scientific basis for protection and development, stage construction, development intensity and other aspects of rural resources; it has guided the development of villages in Yuanyang Hani terrace and provided reference for the decision-making of the development and construction of rural settlement tourism in other areas.The main innovation of this paper is that:the paper has introduced the theory of access into the research of the development of rural settlement tourism and put forward and expounded the connotation of the rural settlement tourism development access systematically; it has regressed to the initial conditions of the development of rural settlement tourism, namely the problem whether resources are suitable for development, to provided scientific basis for tourism planning and construction; it has enriched the application fields of the access evaluation theory and the theory of the development of tourism resources.