| So far, there is no unified definition of the molluscan shellfish industry. In order to meet the demands of this study, the authors give the definition of the molluscan shellfish industry, which refers to a combination of molluscan shellfish production, processing, marketing, consumption as well as other directly related human activities. The statistics of food and agriculture organization show that molluscan shellfish production of the world is only 1.61 million tons in 1950, and it increased by 17.84 million tons in 2013. In China, molluscan shellfish production in 1950, was only 0.10 million tons, but a record of 13.80 million tons in 2013. Obviously, the molluscan shellfish industry has brought human rich food and developed more living spaces.However, everything has advantages and disadvantages. What ecological impact did rapid development of the molluscan shellfish industry cause? How to measure its impact on economy? And what’s the impact on social? These are the core issue of concern in this paper.It has not noly theoretical significance for scholars to carry out relevant studies, but also has practical significance for governments to promote the development of molluscan shellfish industry and put forward policy recommendations.Because molluscan shellfish distribute widely, there are different kinds of shellfish, industry related to molluscan shellfish is distributed widely and variously. National-regional researches are limited by time, financial and material resources. At the same time, the study is tentative exploration, so the author chose an island county, located independently and breeding relatively simple, as the research object.As a subproject of modern shellfish industry technology system (CARS-48-09B), a "twelfth five-year" national key scientific and technological project, the overall goal of this study tries to objectively reflect the Changdao county real impacts brought by the development of the molluscan shellfish industry, and put forward the feasible policy suggestions by summing up experience. The above goal is based on the development of molluscan shellfish industry of Changdao county. Yantai in Shandong province, guided by the theory of sustainable development, inspected from the impact of molluscan shellfish industry on regional economy, and the impact of molluscan shellfish industry on regional society.In the process of studying, not only the method of combining of the empirical analysis and normative analysis but also the method of combining the comprehensive analysis and comparative analysis were used. At the same time, on the basis of "driver-state-response" (DSR) in UNCSD (United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development), FISD (Frame-Index-Sustainable-Development) in UNSTAT(the U.N. Statistical Office), the index system of sustainable development in SCOPE(Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment), the index system of Lan Guoliang and the evaluation indexs system and method of Song Chunxiao, etc.. the author built a comprehensive evaluation system of band 3 from 3 aspects, ecological impact, economic impact and social impact. The data this article used come from questionnaire, interviews, participatory observation, fisheries yearbook, the local fishery statistical yearbook and related online information, etc.The structure of this paper can be summarized as three parts. The first part includes the introduction, literature review and related theory and general situations of molluscan shellfish industry in Changdao county etc. The second part is qualitative and quantitative research of ecological, economic and social impacts of molluscan shellfish industry in Changdao county. The third part sums up the problems of molluscan shellfish industry in Changdao county, puts forward the corresponding suggestions and points out the limitations of this study and the future directions.This study formed the basic conclusions as follows:1.The development of molluscan shellfish industry in Changdao county has experienced four stages since 1940s (1949～2014). The Characteristics in the first three stages of development is an inverted "U" type structure. And Changdao county has realized its leap-forward development through the industrial structure adjustment, based on island resources and island surroundings in the development process of molluscan shellfish industry. The author concluded that marine biological resources and unique island ecological resources were the basis for sustainable development of Changdao county. It is inevitable choice for Changdao county to adhere to the economic sustainable development of the island and to realize the third stage of Environmental Kuznets Curve in the ecological environment quality of the island.2.The molluscan shellfish industry in Changdao county brought not only some positive influences, such as fixating carbon, providing the basic food, preventing red tide, purifying seawater and re-utilizing soda saline-alkaline land, but also some negative impacts, such as germplasm degeneration, cultivation pollution, species cross contamination, biodeposition, Singling biologic species and polluting of processing. Generally speaking, after experiencing three years of the death of a large area of molluscan shellfish, it is a major challenge for molluscan shellfish aquaculture to keep ecological sustainable development.3. Based on this index system of the research project, analyzing the calculation of four typical cases, and studying the regional economic impact of the molluscan shellfish industry, we concluded that:The molluscan shellfish industry in Tuoji island had the greatest influence on the economy, and it showed the molluscan shellfish industry had a good effect on the economic development. Nan Huangcheng island and Daqin island lagged behind Tuoji island in economy, and it showed the molluscan shellfish industry had a little effect on the economic development. Nan Changshan island lagged behind Nan Huangcheng island and Daqin island in economy, and it showed the molluscan shellfish industry had a least effect on the economic development. As a result of the development and expansion of the molluscan shellfish industry, the economy of changdao county leaps rapidly. Economic impacts of the molluscan shellfish industry are so various that it leads to the development and progress of the whole industry chain, including molluscan shellfish breeding, planting, cultivation, processing and circulated industry. The author discovered the molluscan shellfish industry had some problems in the process of investigation and study, which affected the development of regional economy. In order to better promote the coordinated development of molluscan shellfish industry and local economy in Changdao county, the author puts forward the corresponding strategy by researching the respective characteristics of four industries and existing problems of the molluscan shellfish industry.4. Based on this index system of the research project, analyzing the calculation of four typical cases, and studying the regional social impact of the molluscan shellfish industry in Nan Huangcheng island, we concluded that the molluscan shellfish industry had the greatest influence on the society, Tuoji island took second place, Nan Changshan island lay third, and Daqin island was minimal. The molluscan shellfish industry in Nan Huangcheng island affects the society significantly by increasing the social welfare, promoting the technological progress, increasing the employment, optimizing the industrial structure, enhancing the market share and benefiting all stakeholders. The author discovered the molluscan shellfish industry had some problems in the process of investigation and study, which affected the development of the regional society. In order to better promote the coordinated development of the molluscan shellfish industry and local society in Changdao county, the author puts forward the corresponding strategy by researching the respective characteristics of four industries and existing problems of the molluscan shellfish industry.5. The author found that the molluscan shellfish industry at changdao county had the following problems through the analysis and research:unreasonable way of shellfish aquaculture had bad effects on the ecology and economy; the molluscan shellfish industry on the mature stage had two sides’impact on the economy and society; low industrial concentration led to difficult consolidation and high cost in the molluscan shellfish industry; the molluscan shellfish industry in breeding caused the germplasm degradation:the molluscan shellfish product differentiation was not significant and were often shoddy:institutional barriers inhibited the boom of the molluscan shellfish industry; private property rights structure highlighted the industry disadvantages:inter-district farming trigger many social problems and so on. At the end of this article, the author puts forward the related Suggestions from five angles, the relevant scholars, molluscan shellfish farmers and enterprises of Changdao county, the molluscan shellfish products processing enterprises of Changdao county, the molluscan shellfish product vendors of Changdao county, and government departments and industry association; and meanwhile the author points out the limitations and the future direction in this paper.
|
PDF Full Text Request