Small-Micro Enterprises Development Research, In The View Of Social Capital And Human Capital

Small-micro enterprises are the important part of the enterprise organism in our country. It is also an important basis for the sustained growth of economy in China. It plays a vital role in the development of national economy, especially in solving the employment, improving the living standards, adjusting the industrial structure, building a harmonious society and promoting economic growth. The data show that the total number of enterprises in China accounted for 99% of the number of small-medium enterprises, while small-medium enterprises in the small-micro enterprises, small-medium enterprises to create a total of 60% of our GDP,50% of the total national tax, completed more than 75% of the total number of technical innovation, and to absorb the number of urban employment labor force of nearly 80%. Small-micro enterprises are the most dynamic part of the enterprise organism, and it is an important part of the national economy, which plays a very important role. Social capital is the internal and external social resources, human capital is the key factor for the development of enterprises, and the two is a great impact on the development of enterprises.In the process of enterprise development, enterprise’s human capital is the key factor that affects the development of enterprises, including the knowledge and skills acquired by the workers in education and training, practical experience, personnel quality, management ability, etc.. Social capital is an important external and internal social resources that affect the development of enterprises, which is embodied in the relationship between the enterprise or the individual in the enterprise and the external organization or the individual, including the social network and the reciprocity norm, etc.. It’s important to study the respective dimensions of human capital and social capital for the enterprise development. This study, from the view of social capital and human capital, to dig the key factors that restrict the development of small-micro enterprises, in particular, focus on the development of small-micro enterprises in the development of human capital and social capital. This makes the research focus on the key factors, the index system and the evaluation criteria in the development of small-micro enterprises in the view of human capital and social capital.Comparing to the medium-sized enterprise, the changes in social capital and human capital in small-micro enterprise have more influence for their more fluctuations and weaker anti-risk ability. At present, the research of enterprise development related to the single view of social capital or human capital is relatively rare; the research on both social capital and human capital in the development of enterprises is much rarer.2012, J. Augusto FelicioIn and other scholars in the study of 199 companies in the survey, the use of factor analysis method, to explore the relationship among the enterprises/ management behaviors and social/ human capital factors, in different industries of small-medium enterprises, in the European open economies. The results showed that the influence factors such as social relations, professional level and enterprise behavior reflect a very strong correlation, and the relationship between enterprise and social/ human capital in various industries are different. In this study, the relationship between manufacturing industry and social/ human capital is more prominent. Therefore, this thesis is inspired by thought of the research, also according to the characteristics of small-micro enterprises in China and the related research results, then according to the empirical data analysis, are discussed in this paper: the overall influence factors of small and micro enterprise development from the perspective of social capital and human capital; social capital and human capital influence factors for the development of small and micro enterprises in the industry; construction and empirical test of the regression equation of social capital and human capital of small-micro enterprises based on regression model; hypothesis testing and analysis of the influence factors of the development of small-micro enterprises. The related factors of social capital and human capital are systematically introduced to the development of small-micro enterprises, which provides a new research perspective for the development of small-micro enterprises.Firstly, we study the influence of social capital and human capital to the small-micro enterprise basing on AHP. The human capital is divided to normal human capital and professional human capital. The social capital is divided to internal social capital and external social capital regarding to the different internet groups that the entrepreneur contacts and attracts. By the study of the social capital, the government policies and support are the most important to the small-micro enterprise development, which is related to the immature market management system and too strong government control for the market. In the human capital, the management capability is the most important, which means that it needs the strong management capability for the entrepreneur and management team, and it shows the unclear division of responsibilities and the immature management system are the key problem in the small micro enterprise. Meanwhile, the innovation spirit is also important to the enterprise development according to the research. Most small-micro enterprises are still in the initial stage with much unknown factors. The entrepreneur and the team should have innovation spirit and keep having innovative ideas and products to survive in the external environment.Secondly, we study the influence of the related factors of social capital and human capital for their entrepreneurship and management behavior. It shows that the influence of the social capital and human capital is different regarding to the entrepreneurship and management behavior in the different industries. It connects more with social capital and human capital for the Culture and Art industry and Press and Publishing industry than the Software and Network Services industry and Design Services industry. In the analysis, the entrepreneurial behavior is affected most by the family support factor, though the management behavior is affected most by the economic relationship, social position and strong personal relationships.Thirdly, we do the factors analysis by collecting the cases of small-micro enterprises to study the reasons of social capital and human capital limitation, including the influence of industry factors, internal immature management system, the lack of capital and human resource, and business strategy, etc. It would be helpful for the risk aversion of the small-micro enterprises by the set-up of the warning model after deep research.Finally, this thesis through the social capital and human capital to small-micro enterprises development of correlation hypothesis verification, further proves that socialcapital and human capital impact on small-micro enterprises development of positive influences. And the thesis puts forward some suggestions to promote the development of small-micro enterprises.