| The most parts of northwest China is arid and semi arid areas. With the little precipitation and heavy evaporation, the ecological environment is very fragile. Water shortages become a major limiting factor in the development and utilization of agricultural land resources, the agricultural development potential is not fully realized. However, what is not coordination with the severe water shortage is the area has been limited to the traditional extensive management and extension of expanded reproduction mode. It is rely mainly on the increase in the number of input factors for the growth of the total product, coupled with mismanagement, ageing facilities, water-saving irrigation techniques to promote fatigue and lack of investment in infrastructure and other reasons, a large number of water resources in the northwest territories is a waste, the water and land resource utilization efficiency is very low. Efficient use of agricultural water resources, improve the efficiency of agricultural water use, it is not only the effective way to break the limit of the water resources of the agricultural land resources, but also the basic way to solve the problem of water shortage in northwest china.As the most important factor of production in the agricultural production, there are many research focuses on water and land utilization efficiency and its impact factors in agricultural production. Farmers as the main user of agricultural resources, water and land utilization efficiency is largely influenced by the behavior of the farmers’ production. Therefore, most of the research focuses on analysis of the internal factors such as natural factors as well as the farmers’ family endowments, and thus these impacts on the water and land use efficiency. With the rapid development of agricultural industrialization in our country in recent years, a large number of agriculture-related enterprises to intervene in rural areas, driven by "small farmers" into the "big market", it makes farmers whose production decision-making is no longer independent and closed, but gradually influenced by the marker economy, and also to some extent by the "non- market" factors in enterprises and government. As an important intermediary connection between farmers and the market, the cooperative relations between the agriculture-related enterprises and farmers affect the enthusiasm of farmers more directly, and even affect the entire industrial development. In this process, the government as the promoter of the agricultural industrialization, it use the boot or mandatory means to ensure supply goals, on the other hand, its policy support often play the important promote and service role. Therefore, how to build a new theoretical framework to put the agriculture-related enterprises involved in a series of external environment factors as an important influence variables into analysis of the impact of farmers’ production behavior and water and land resources utilization efficiency become the main goal of this research.Under natural conditions and environmental constraints, the more effective way to solve agricultural water restrictions is to change the way of farmers’traditional extensive management and to increase investment of water-saving technologies to improve water use efficiency. Agriculture-related enterprises to intervene in rural areas convey the market information, technical services, sales channels directly and effectively communicated to farmers through the integration of the operations, leading farmers’ organization of production and sales in accordance with the marker demand. Under the promote role of government to achieve the farmers’ scale and professional production of leading industry. This may affect farmers’ planting choice behavior of the advantage agricultural production to affect the local water and land resource configuration. On the other hand, the change of traditional small-scale decentralized production way improves the farmers’ demand for agriculture and irrigation infrastructure. The development of agricultural industry improves the comparative income of agricultural, which increase the farmers’ income, and improve the supply capacity for irrigation and water conservancy infrastructure. In this process, the improvement for water infrastructure of government drives farmers to actively participate in the investment of irrigation and water conservancy infrastructure. The improvement of water conservancy facilities effectively reduces the efficiency of the water loss in transmission and distribution, and promotes the complete use of agricultural land and water resources. It is visible that the agriculture-related enterprises involved in agricultural production has not only brought the influence of the external environment, but also changed the farmers’ traditional extensive production way, and increased the investment in water infrastructure. These combined effects of technology to the farmers’ production efficiency, the farmers with technology efficient also defined for resource utilization efficiency. Therefore, agribusiness through the impact on agricultural production in the external environment, changes the way of large-scale specialized production as well as increased investment in water conservancy facilities, and affect the farmers’ water and land resource utilization efficiency.In this paper, take the development of the potato industry in Minle County in Gansu province as an example, introduction of the potato processing companies involved in a series of external factors impact the farmers’ potato plant behavior is involved in this study, analysis the planting choice behavior as well as water conservancy infrastructure investment behavior is impacted by agricultural-related enterprises, and finally affect the efficiency of the farmers’production technology as well as water and land resources utilization efficiency through large-scale transformation of the mode of operation as well as the increase of water-saving investment. The thesis main body divided into the following three parts:1. Agriculture-related enterprises involved in farmers planting choice behavior. Agriculture-related enterprises involved in the rural areas, to establish leading industries based on local resources, through the improvement of agricultural markets, led farmers to achieve large-scale specialized planting. As agricultural production risky industry, while there are advantages in resources often there are resource constraints, the development of agricultural industrialization of the Northwest Territories should fully take into account the factors of water scarcity. First, the value of the marginal product is equal to the optimal resource allocation principle, to determine the study area for the promotion of potato planting compliance with the water resource optimization. The results found that the planting of potato, especially new varieties of Atlantic has significant comparative advantage of land and water resources utilization, improve the efficiency of land and water resource allocation is conductive to the promotion of the leading industries. But according to the local farmers planted potato and Atlantic varieties choice behavior descriptive analysis can be seen, the promotion of local potato has not yet formed a large-scale planting, and farmers’ potato planting enthusiasm is not high. Analysis of regional agriculture-related enterprise involved in the market of government and enterprise development overview and draw hypotheses. Finally, put the external influencing factors into the binary choice and limited dependent variable (probit/tobit) model in empirical test. The results show: improvement of agricultural markets significantly increased the enthusiasm of farmer’ potato planting behavior, the intervention of the leading enterprises increase the farmer’ scales channels, however, due to the scattered relationship between the agriculture-related enterprises and farmers, leading enterprises acquisition is not change the weak position of farmers in the production and management, resulting the negative affect the farmers’ potato planting enthusiasm. In addition, the government has played a positive role in promoting the development of agricultural industrialization process, and the implementation of the new varieties of Atlantic priority irrigation policy is also conducive to the promotion of potato cultivation.2. Agriculture-related enterprises involved in the farmers’ investment behavior of water conservancy facilities. Irrigation and water conservancy facilities have long been regarded as public goods, responsible for the investment by the government. However, after the reform of rural taxes, the investment of irrigation and water conservancy in China is facing a great deal of supply difficulties. Farmers as small-scale irrigation and water conservancy investment in the most direct beneficiaries, its long-term effective participation in the investment and management of small-scale irrigation and water conservancy protection is the foundation to protect small water conservancy sustainable development and use. First, the theoretical analysis of agriculture-related enterprises involved in the impact on farmers of water conservancy investment. The agriculture-related enterprises directly affect farmers’ large-scale specialized production, increase farmers’ demand for water conservancy facilities, the increase of farmers’income improve the supply capacity of farmers and water conservancy facilities. On the other hand, the public infrastructure investment of government indirectly drove by the farmers’private investment. Then, empirical test the direct and indirect impact on farmers water conservancy facilities into multinomial logit model. The results show:although the district promotion of the potato is still at the beginning stage, potato planting doesn’t become large-scale planting. But the potato cultivation increased farmers’water demand, and the greater dependence of farmers on water resources, the farmers will be more inclined to investment in water conservancy facilities. The Atlantic the priority irrigation policy and adjust the irrigation time implemented by local government significant positive influence on the farmers’ decision-making to a new water conservancy facilities. In addition, agriculture-related enterprises to intervene to motivate local governments to improve rural infrastructure, government investment has driven farmers’private investment in small-scale irrigation and water conservancy.3. Agriculture-related enterprises involved in water and land utilization efficiency. The research significance of technical efficiency is to exploit the existing technology, saving the cost of inputs to increase output, to promote agriculture go content development, and ultimately the development of sustainable use of resources. Integrated agribusiness bring the large-scale production and the investment in water conservancy facilities, the theoretical analysis of agriculture-related enterprises involved in the farmers technology efficiency, as well as water and land utilization efficiency. Starting with the efficiency calculation, the Stochastic Frontier Analysis is used in this study, to measure the technology efficiency and water and land resources utilization efficiency in the farmers’ potato planting. The results show that:there is technical efficiency loss in the farmers’ production, the water and land resources utilization efficiency is also very low. By Ordinary Least Square to analyze the influencing factors of water and land resources utilization efficiency. The results show: potato planting scale doesn’t significantly affect the farmers’production efficiency and land resource utilization efficiency, but it is negative impact on water resource utilization efficiency, it may because of the implementation of the priority irrigation policy for new potato varieties in Atlantic, which may lead to waste of the water resources. The farmers with prefect canal have high technology efficiency and water and land resources utilization efficiency. The investment of small-scale irrigation and water conservancy infrastructure has driven by agriculture-related enterprises help to improve water and land resources utilization efficiency. Due to the technical defect in the initial period, the new varieties and new technologies lead the reduction of water and land resource utilization efficiency. The high of the potato commodities rate, the more favorable the farmers to increase market awareness and rational organization of production according to market demand, and improve water and land resources utilization efficiency. The stable cooperative relationship between the farmers and company helps to reduce the uncertainty in agriculture production, which is also played a positive impact on the water and land resources utilization efficiency. The signing of the agreement doesn’t impact on land and water resources utilization efficiency, mainly due to there is few farmers sign the agreement with company in this region, and because of the low prices in the agreement, it can’t play a risk-averse role, the more important is there is not related to technical training in the agreement.Based on these conclusions, the correct guidance of agriculture-related enterprises involved in agricultural production in the agriculture industrialization is to suggest the policy to improve farmers’land and water resources utilization efficiency, which conclude,(1) Based on local agricultural resources, determine the advantage of leading industries, and adjust the agricultural structure reasonable. In addition to considering the resource advantage, the resource constraints should fully take into account, to choice the leading industries. Leading farmers to participate in the development of industrialization adjust to planting structure, realize the water and land resources optimal allocation. (2) Improving the agricultural markets, improving farmers’ agricultural income, to increase investment in infrastructure for agricultural production enthusiasm. Through the intermediary role of Agriculture-related enterprises to bring the market information, technical service, sales channels to farmer directly, led farmers to enter the market, engaged in agricultural production in accordance with the needs of market. Improve the commodity rate to increase farmers’income and the enthusiasm of engaged in agricultural production. Promote the farmers to increase the investment of irrigation infrastructure, reduce the loss of water in transmission and distribution. (3) Perfect the "farmer+company" mode, the integration of the formation of the interests of the community to protect farmers’benefit. Be sure to pay attention to the process of the development of agriculture-related enterprises to join with farmers, led farmers to change the way of large-scale specialized production. The week position of farmers in agricultural markets should be change to promote farmers’ investment in agricultural infrastructure. (4) Increase the service, promote and financial support policy of government in the agricultural industrialization. The process that agriculture-related enterprises to promote the farmers market can’t be separated from promote and support role of government, but we must avoid dislocation of service, and to prevent the pursuit of the goal of profit maximization causing the irrational use of resources and the destruction of the ecological environment.
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