Research On Carbon Emissions Management And Cost Optimization In Supply Chain Under Low-carbon Background

For decades, a great amount of greenhouse gas emissions intensifies the global warming. Under the background of low carbon economic, enterprises faces a new challenge and opportunity. For this reason, a study on low carbon supply chain management turns to be a new domain appealing great attention in academic community. Specific study and innovations of the dissertation is as followed:(1) For the first time, the dissertation introduces carbon emission trading cost to the system of two-level supply chain with defective items, constructing the supply chain EOQ Model, obtaining the economic order quantity, total cost and total amount of emissions either with the lowest economic cost, with the least amount of carbon emissions, or with economic cost and carbon emission both concerned, and underlines how and to what extent they might be affected by different factors. The conclusions are: the system can control the increase of cost while reducing carbon emissions through getting involved in carbon emission trading when the economic order quantity under the above said three circumstances satisfies a certain conditions; the defective item rates and carbon emission quotas affect the total cost in the opposite direction, while how the carbon price affects the total cost is not certain; a reduction of defective item rates and increase of carbon price may lower carbon emissions, while the given carbon emission quotas has no direct influence towards carbon emissions.(2) Based on the uncertain factors that lie in the supply chain, assuming that both variables and parameters are trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, through constructing a fuzzy cost and emission optimized model of retailers and that of two-level supply chain under the carbon emission trading system, to analyze the effect of a fuzzy decision. The study demonstrates that a fuzzy model may effectively decrease the uncertainty of a decision, that the different development direction and range of fuzzy parameters compared to determined parameters may give rise to a quite distinctive decision, that the binding conditions one gets involved in carbon emission trading are more complicated due to environmental uncertainty, that production rates have a positive correlation with economic order quantity and a negative correlation with cost and emission, that the trend that defective item rates, carbon quotas and carbon price affect and determine total cost and emission is as same as the results of the deterministic case.(3) So far the VMI model is a quiet popular inventory management model that generally applied among the industry, even though, few articles have considered the problem of exercising efficiency of VMI model with carbon emission constrain. The dissertation explores to introduce carbon emission relative elements to the two level supply chain consisting of one supplier and one retailer, constructing an integrated and optimization model of cost and emission, to deduce and verify the management effect on inventory cost and carbon emissions of supply chain by VMI model. It concludes that as the optimal replenishment quantity gets larger, optimal replenishment frequency is lower, the total inventory cost is smaller, and thus, the gross amount of carbon emissions is reduced by exercise of VMI model.(4) While Kaya Identity is generally used for calculation of carbon footprint in the regional plane, the dissertation attempts to have it applied in production logistics system of manufacturing enterprises for carbon footprint calculation. It instructs the relation between carbon emissions of production activity and the environments through utilizing the following four indexes: production total input, output per input, output energy intensity and carbon intensity of energy. It indicates that the increase of production total input might result in larger amount of emissions, whereas the reduction of output-input ratio and energy consuming per production shall mitigate carbon emissions.