The Research Of The Production-Inventory Control Strategies In Enterprise Supply Chain With Carbon Constraints

It has become a general consensus that increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide causing global warming. In order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions (hereinafter referred to as carbon emissions), a variety of international regulations and mechanism has been introduced. Among them, the cap-and-trade mechanism is used widely and is the best reduction international agreement, which is the basis of the EU Emissions Trading System. It is expected to 200 million tons of carbon dioxide reducing per year in the implementation of the EU. And cap-and-trade mechanism is the essence of the Kyoto protocol. It can achieve "common but differentiated" responsibilities, through a combination of market and regulation.Carbon tax is another means of international reduce emissions. Compared to the cap-and-trade system, carbon tax is a more simple and effective way of controlling emissions. It is levied according to carbon content or carbon emissions amount from fossil fuels. It is according to the carbon content of fossil fuels or carbon emissions amount to impose a tax, which can reduce the negative externalities of environmental pollution by price changed. In 1990, Finland earliest introduction of a carbon tax that is calculated in combination with energy taxes. Nowadays, the carbon tax has been implemented in more than a dozen European countries, and the rest of the world learning and using for reference.China, to achieve its emission reduction commitments, are actively promoting the construction of the carbon trading market, and discuss the carbon tax practice in China. In the future, low carbon management philosophy will be applied to all areas. The problems of the supply chain carbon emissions has attracted high attention of some scholars at home and abroad and business circles, and has made some achievements. However, the number of existing research for inventory system carbon emissions reduce is rather limited, to the issue of multi-echelon inventory reduction emissions is more meager. Therefore, it has become a challenging and realistic topic that to investage the supply chain production-inventory operations with carbon constraints mechanism. It has important theoretical and practical significance.In this paper, we based on the perspectives of the total intervention and price intervention, and chose the two carbon constraint mechanism that is representative and the most widely used——cap-and-trade and carbon tax. The problem of the production-inventory control in enterprise supply chain with carbon constraint was in-depth studied. The main research work as follows.Firstly, the carbon emissions factors of supply chain production-inventory system is measured and analyzed. In order to study the effect of carbon emissions on production-inventory system, the process of supply chain carbon emissions is described, and carbon emissions accounting boundary and classification method are determined. Then, gives the calculating formula of various level carbon emissions number, and identify two specific of carbon reduction mechanism in the supply chain. These basic research work provides guidance framework for later carbon emissions measuremen of production-inventory system.Secondly, compared to the impact of cap-and-trade and carbon tax mechanisms through single firm production-inventory system. Specifically, the cap-and-trade and a carbon tax system applied to a single-vendor production-inventory system with a single-product, studying the effect of two kinds of mechanisms to reduce emissions to manufacturer's decision through changes in production quantities, order quantities and total cost, and compare the effects of two carbon reduction policy mechanisms.Thirdly, the problem of multi-stage supply chain production-inventory control with the cap-and-trade mechanism. The cap-and-trade mechanism used in multi-stage production-inventory system with multi-member and multi-product. The decentralized and centralized decision-making were adopted in the system through the joint optimization of production quantity and ordering lots to meet carbon emission regulation. The profit distribution and compensation mechanism can effectively promote the coordination of supply chain members. It is concluded that multistage production-inventory control methods under cap-and-trade mechanism and management insights.Finally, the multi-stage supply chain production-inventory control under carbon tax mechanism is studied. There are two forms for a carbon tax that is unified carbon tax and a differential carbon tax, which applied to multi-stage supply chain production-inventory system. Considering the competition ability and strategy choosing, to compared production and inventory decisions and carbon emissions changing with two carbon tax, and the policy implications of the two carbon tax.The supply chain production-inventory control theory and method mentioned above under the two kinds of emission reduction mechanism can be applied in the practice of enterprise carbon emissions. It will help enhance the level of corporate management decisions under the low-carbon environment, and improve supply chain operations efficiently with the restriction of carbon emissions. To promote the sustainable development of economy, society and the environment is of great significance.