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Study On The Differentiation And Integration Of Social Interests In The Postponed Retirement Reform In China

Posted on:2017-03-25Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:B B GuanFull Text:PDF
GTID:1109330488961823Subject:Public Finance
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
During thirty years since reform and opening to the outside world, Chinese industrialization advances with modernization and the achievements made in economic development attracts worldwide attention. GDP per capita in 2010 broke through 4000 dollar, becoming the country above average level in the world. During successive three years, it keeps stable growth, respectively reaching 5436 dollar, 6076 dollar and 6629 dollar. With rapid economic development, there has been sharp rise in Chinese resident income with constant improvement in living standard and medical conditions, as well as obvious extension of life expectancy per capita.Development always accompanies with stability. In the process of rapid economic development and accelerated social transformation, some deep-seated problems and contradictions are increasingly highlighted with powerful interest demand of all kinds of social groups. Constantly accelerated aging population and delayed effect of one-child policy result in rapid changes in Chinese population structure. The demographic dividend in initial stage of reform and opening to the outside world is gradually disappearing with unbalance between demand and supply arising in labor market, thus the sustainable development of social pension system faces with severe challenge. In reference to international experience, postponing of retirement age becomes necessary choice to solve the difficulty. After disclosure of official information, each social profit group starts from its own gain an d loss to express their appeals either in favorable, objective or doubtful and worried, with interest differentiation and view divergence emerging obviously. Since proposal of policy to postpone retirement age in gradual model in 3rd plenum of 18 th NPC, although the objective voice has gradually faded out, the dispute transfers from whether postponing of retirement age is necessary to how to formulate postponed retirement policy and how to integrated appeals from each profit group. Scholars still have different opinions with disputes arising. The formulation of postponed retirement has become focus of social debate. Based on literature review over related studies home and abroad, as well as examination or rectification based on Chinese national situation, the thesis analyzes differentiation of related social profit groups in postponed retirement reform, and analyzes specifically pros and cons of postponed retirement policy and its influence on core stakeholders, and then proposes suggestions and plans about Chinese retirement age and pension reform by integrating appeals of each profit group, as well as makes macro prediction about possibly economic effects generated from implementation of the plan, finally concluding with six aspects of research results.There are twelve chapters and the contents of each chapter are arranged as follows:Chapter one is introduction, which introduces reasons for topic selection, research background, theoretical and practical significance, research idea and methods as well as innovation.Chapter two is literature review home and abroad. First, the thesis summarizes the influence on retirement behaviors of labors from four elements including social security policy, labors’ individual heterogeneity, attitudes of employers and environment in literature home and abroad. Next, the thesis introduces debates developed centering on six problems including increased life expectance, labor market supply and young labor employment, labor productivity, human resource cost, aging population dependency ratio, sustainable development of labor market and labor benefit protection and so on and then make brief comment on research home and abroad.Chapter three makes an overview about related concepts, theoretical basis and realistic background in China to implement retirement policy. Stakeholder theory, life cycle theory, demographic dividend, fairness and efficiency theory, redistribution of income theory, regional economic integration theory and game theory and so on provide theoretical support for Chinese reform in postponed retirement and endowment insurance system. The realistic situation where social interest differentiation speeds up, population problems(increased life expectancy, extension in human labor investment, decrease in ratio between years of working and years of retirement, disappearance of demographic dividend, heavy enterprise payment burden, and severe challenge faced by pension system and so on), social security payment, and pension system result in interest differentiation and sustainability of pension system is confronted with severe challenges constitutes reasons for China to postpone retirement age.Chapter four reviews evolvement of Chinese retirement system and its social benefit relationship. First, the supporting culture in ancient China like the whole world as one community and great social harmony as well as retirement and social pension system in official standard are introduced. Next, brief review about origin and development of Chinese modern commercial insurance and mental and practical preparation for social pension insurance system in initial stage of CPC establishment is made. Successively, the thesis summarizes historical evolvement of Chinese retirement age and social pension system in three stages from three-year economic recovery period, the period from the first five-year plan to before reform and opening to the outside world to the period since reform and opening to the outside world. Finally, current situation and deficiencies in Chinese retirement age and pension system is analyzed.Chapter five analyzes features and reasons for social profit differentiation in China since reform and opening to the outside world, analyzes profit differentiation in postponed retirement reform from overall perspective through public opinion poll developed by referring to Gallup poll and analyzes current situation, pros and cons of implementation of retirement and pension system now in China.Chapter six to eight are respective analysis on interest differentiation in postponed retirement in China from perspectives of individual, enterprise and country. The analysis on influence on individual interest differentiation is conducted in three population groups including retired group, young labor group and newly growing employed group; the influence of postponed retirement on interest differentiation of state-owned and privately owned enterprises is analyzed from the perspective of ownership; the gain and loss of postponed retirement is analyzed from perspectives like the influence on national economic development, national political and economic profits as well as central and local finance and so on.Based on game theory, chapter nine evaluates and analyzes fairness and efficiency of social profits integration in postponed retirement reform in China and makes theoretical discussion over profit integration.First, the thesis makes evaluation over fairness and efficiency of social security system since reform. Next, the thesis explains the writer’s opinion about postponed retirement from historical, relative and specific perspective.Chapter ten is reference of Chinese postponed retirement and interest integration from international experience. Based on introduction about background, practice, and positive and negative effect of postponed retirement implementation in main countries of OECD, the thesis summarizes five insights to Chinese reform in postponed retirement and pension system.Chapter 11 proposes interest integration plan and solution in Chinese postponed retirement. The thesis proposes guidance idea, basic principle, and implementation procedures of postponed retirement plan, as well as two schemes whether to increase payment age limit of endowment insurance or not in postponed retirement. Related mating policies and measures are proposed through macro-economic analysis.Chapter 12 is conclusion and research prospect in the future.
Keywords/Search Tags:stakeholder, interest differentiation, fairness and efficiency, aging population, postponed retirement, pension insurance fund, interest integration
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