Constructing Employee Relationship In Catering Industry: A Study On I Nteraction Mechanisms Of Development Of “Economic Man” And “Social Man”

Under the background of China’s economy entering the“new normal”,the service industry has now become the largest industry of China’s economy and the main industry of absorbing employment. Catering industry, as an important part of the service sector, has played a huge role in promoting economic, social transformation and development whether its speed and scale of development, or creating economic value and employment opportunities. However, behind the impressive performance of the catering industry, it is the tense employee relationships of enterprise. Performance for the high employee turnover of catering enterprises, most enterprises are in the alarming condition of “employees change year round” or even “employees in several rounds of a year”. The sustainable development of catering enterprise is an urgent need to build a new type of employee relationships.The theoretical circle has not been interest in small and medium-sized enterprises which is the main body of the catering enterprises. Taking the case of CNKI database as an example, only 1284 literatures were retrieved from 1994 to 2014 which related to catering enterprises research. Among them, the literature of building employee relationship of catering enterprises is very limited. At the same time, along with the rising of labor conflict in recent years, the theoretical circle and practical departments have focus on pouring unprecedented enthusiasm about the relations of capital and labor, labor relations and employee relationships. But it focus on the high degrees of Employees which gathered in manufacturing industry, and pay little attention to single enterprise staff which relatively modest and unusually high staff turnover about the employee relationship of catering enterprises. Relevant results mainly concentrate on the coordination and process to the “after”-conflict relationship. It focus little on the building of “advance” and “post” relationship. Therefore, there is still a great innovation space about the theory and practice of research on building the employee relationship of Catering enterprises.This study is on the basis of relevant theories which are about social, organizational socialization, learning theory, social exchange, internal marketing, employee relations, the author has went deep into the management of catering enterprises in practice and discussed building the problems in theory and practice of system research about the employee relationship of catering enterprises. There are four main purposes: the first is to explore the logic starting point on building employee relationship of catering enterprises theoretically; The second is to extract the explain framework of building employee relationship of catering enterprises under the background of China’s economic and social transformation; The third is to inspect the microscopic mechanism in the process of building employee relationship of catering enterprises, specifically, verifying the influence on employee relationship about validation of internal marketing and organizational socialization, and employee relationship which impact on employee turnover intention, job performance, etc.; The fourth is to put forward systematic countermeasures and Suggestions on building employee relationship from the level of micro and macro.In this paper, with the aid of the social survey methods and by the means of combining qualitative and quantitative researches, the author has went deep into a line of catering enterprise, through to a variety of ways of participatory observation, interview and questionnaire survey for catering enterprise managers and employees, the author collected the cases and data of the process of building relationships between catering enterprise employees and catering enterprises, and with the help of the national private enterprise sample survey data for analysis. This paper following the logic of “what it is”, “why do it “and “how to do it”, tries to reveal the real situation of the employee relationship of catering enterprises, and then analyzes the internal mechanism and countermeasures. In the process of long-term tracking survey, we found: Firstly, a large number of employment in catering enterprises is rural migrant workers, they generally lack of professional skills and social cognition before they going into the career, they are at the state of “economic man” and “social person”; Secondly, catering enterprise is “economic man”, and it is also a social unit, it has the responsibility of the large number of migrant workers’ employment and social. Because the hiring employees are “economic man” and “social person”, the high rate of turnover and the weakness of rule consciousness have led to the high cost of enterprise staff management; Thirdly, as a "quasi economic man" and "quasi social person", through participation in economic activities in catering enterprises and social intercourse between employees the staff’s skills have increased, the awareness of the rules began increase, and gradually understand the society. What’s more, the social survival ability has been improved, after a period of time gradually growing into qualified “economic man” and “social person”. The fourth one is that in the process of the enterprise meets the needs of employees and employees service for enterprises, enterprises and employees as “economic person” and “social person”. Enterprises and employees, employees and employees interact on their high frequency and their role, at the same time, promote mutually and get interactive growth. The managers and employees of the catering enterprise are intertwined in the process of individual socialization and organizational socialization. Based on the discovery of “what it is”, the paper from the perspective of “economic person” and “social person” constructed the conceptual framework of “quasi economic man” and “quasi social person”, in order to prove possibility about the reason of the theory and “how to do” in the practice.The main research and results of this study are summarized as follows:In reference on the basis of previous theoretical research results and practical research, the article attempts to adopt qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of a combination of research methods from the interaction perspective of “economic person” and “social person”, focus on the theoretical and practical problems of constructing catering enterprises employee relationship and from individuals, enterprises and social environment three aspects to analysis the factors which effect the catering enterprises employee relationship building. The main contents are as follows:The first chapter is the introduction part, mainly introduces the research background, purpose, method and significance of the article. The second chapter is the theoretical basis and literature review part, mainly introduces the employee-organization relationship’ theoretical of dimension and framework, and part of the antecedents and consequences of employee relationship variables. The third chapter is the case analysis, which combined with the case of catering enterprises, to discuss how to seize the needs of employees. The fourth chapter is the empirical study part, in order to further generalize he results of case study and verify the applicability of the main logic of the case study, the paper discuss and testify the internal marketing of catering enterprises, employee organization socialization mechanism for employees and the regulation of employee-organization relationship to these mechanisms, through the statistical analysis of representative of Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang and other provinces of the sample enterprises. The fifth chapter analyzes the social factors influencing catering enterprises employee-organization relationship, and further improves the analytical framework of this study. The sixth chapter is the countermeasure and the suggestion. According to the “economic man” and “social man” interactive growth mechanism, the writer puts forward the systematic construction strategy of employee-organization relationship from the different aspects of staff, organization and society. The seventh chapter is the conclusion and research prospects of this paper.In this paper, the possible innovation points are: the first is the regression research on employee relations to the starting point of cooperation mechanism, put forward the concept of “quasi-economic man and quasi-social man”, from the study of “quasi-economic man and quasi-social man” to the growth process of “qualified economical man and social man” to analyze the construction of the relationship between staff. The study extends forward the employee-organization relationship, enriches the theory of employee-organization relationship. The second is that the job of employees is a process of individual socialization and organizational socialization interlaced in the catering enterprise. this article is in the perspective of the growth of “economic man” and “social man” interaction, discusses the process of the construction of the employee-organization relationship in catering enterprises. The third is the article builds a theoretical model on the basis of analyzing of the cases and statistics and studying micro and macro validation, it also studies the establishment of inside employee-organization relationship. The fourth is mainly for the establishment and development of employee-organization relationship, this paper puts forward suggestions and countermeasures for the construction of the system of employee-organization relationship of catering enterprises from three aspects of individual, organization and society, so as to provide reference to improve the employee-organization relationship of catering enterprises.The paper improves and develops the employee-organization relationship theory, it studies on the impact factors and effects of employee-organization relationship of catering enterprises in-depth, it also discusses the managements which are suitable for the development of catering enterprises and employee-organization relationship at the present stage. It has important theoretical and practical significance in structuring the employeeorganization relationship of catering enterprises, improving the management level, enhancing organizational performance and accelerating the development of catering enterprises.