Cornus Germplasm Resources And Excellent Variety Of Screening

Fructus Corni is the pulp of the ripe fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. ( Cornaceae,it is called dogwood fruit in English), which is removed its stones and produced mainly in Henan,Zhejiang and Shanxi provinces. It can supplement the liver and kidney,astringe essence and stem desertion.Pharmacological research on Fructus Corni has showed that it can regulate immune function of mice and decrease blood sugar in diabetic mice.But Cornus officinalis has many cultivated varieties in the main planting areas.The shape,size ,mean weight of their fruit,and dried pulp productivity ,and the contents of Ursolic acid,water-soluble extractives ,ethanol-soluble extractives,and so on,are different from each other.So their economic value and quality of drug are different.To further develop and make better use of the germplasm resources of Cornus officinalis ,systematical research was carried out. This dissertation is composed of two parts. Part 1 A review on the research progresses of Cornus officinalis during the latest 20 years is presented,including the taxonomy of cultivated varieties,chemical constituents,quality control, pharmacological activities,etc.On other hand,the application of RAPD marker technology in medicinal plant germplasm resources and the application of fingerprint in traditional Chinese medicine were reviewed and looked forward.120 references were cited.Part 2 systematical research on Cornus officinalis is reported.1.Taxonomy and identification of cultivated varieties of Cornus officinalis are described.The fruit shape of Cornus officinalis can be divided into seven types , ellipticform, cylindericform, long cylindericform, short cylindericform, long pear-shape, short pear-shape and spindleform. Their economic value is evaluated.The characteristics and microscopical characters of raw drugs from cultivated varieties of are drawn. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) examination on surface of fruit coat of Cornus officinalis has been finished.2. 17 compounds were isolated from Et2O-fraction, EtOAc-fraction and water-fraction of alcohol-extracts. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidences, their structures are identified as oleanolic acid , β-sitosterol , ursolic acid , methyl malic acid , butyl malic acid,3-hydroxy-2,4aminobutyric acid,β-ara-(1→4)-β-glu-(1→4)-β-glu-(1→6)-α-glu, daucosterol(β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside) , sucrose , gallic acid , loganin , morroniside , 7-O-ethyl-morroniside , Gemin D , TellimagradinⅠ, 1-O-galloyl-4,6-O-HHDP-β-D-glucose , 1,2,3,4,6-pene-gallagyl-β-D-glucose . Among these compounds, daucosterol , methyl malic acid , 1-O-galloyl-4,6-O-HHDP-β-D-glucose, 1,2,3,4,6-pene-galloyl-β-D-glucose, are obtained from Fructus Corni for the first time. 3. The chemical quality and pharmacological activities of different cultivated varieties were initially evaluated. Ursolic acid was determined by daul wavelength TLCS on Silica gel plate ,with using CHCl3-EtOH(20:1) as mobil phase ,10%H2SO4 as developing agent and λS=541nm,λR=680nm.The linear regression equation was Y=2768.3x-259.66 with correlationcoefficient r=0.999,the linear range was 0.62～3.72μg. the average recoveries was 97.07%(RSD=2.69%,n=5) Loganin was determined by RP-HPLC.RP-HPLC was performed on SHIMADZU SPD-10A apparatus equipped with a Hypersil C18 column (4.5mm*200mm,5μm,a 1cm protective column was preposed) in an oven at 25℃,and a UV detector adjusted to 231 nm ,a solvent system consisting of MeOH-H2O(30:70,v/v) was used at a flow rate of 1ml?min-1. The linear regression equation was Y=1.01×10-6 X -0.03with correlation coefficient r= 0.9996 ,the linear range was 0.156～1.560μg,the average recoveries was 100.42%(RSD=2.69%,n=5)The content of total polysaccharide was determined by phenol- sulfuric acid method. The detective wavelength is 486 nm. The linearity of this method was quite satisfactory , the linear regression equation was Y=1.9189+162.5429x with correlation coefficient r=0.9998,the average recoveries was 99.68%(RSD=2.21%,n...