| Job insecurity is the severity of individual perceived the loss of job itself and job features in the contexts of work. Researches on job insecurity began in the 1980s, stemming from previous studies of job security. Many researches have been done about job insecurity abroad, whereas domestic researches in this area are still at the initial stage; moreover there are few researches on the relationship between job insecurity and mental health. This study attempts to investigate the relationship between job insecurity and mental health under Chinese culture background, providing some ideas for the future study through preliminary exploration.The main purpose of the study was investigating the concept and structure of job insecurity of the staff under Chinese culture background, designing questionnaire that meet the requirements of surveying with high reliability and validity, exploring the status and features of the staff and primary studying the influence mechanism on mental health of job insecurity of the employees in production-oriented enterprises.With serving staff in Chinese production-oriented enterprises as the research object, the study made an investigation of 1427 serving staff in 31 production-oriented enterprises in 13 cities in China, such as Wuhu, Guangzhou, Chengdu and Liaoning, involving in medicine, automobiles, home appliances, cement, food, brewing, chemical and other industries. First, this study analysis and integrates the existing definition of job insecurity by document analysis; second, conducts individual interview with 10 employees, on this base, testing other subjects with the advance and formal questionnaire, investigating the model of job insecurity in Chinese production-oriented enterprises by factor analysis, structural equation modeling and other statistical analysis techniques; last, further investigating the influence mechanism on all variables of mental health of all dimensions of job insecurity of the employee in production-oriented enterprises by correlation analysis, analysis of variance and hierarchical regression analysis and other various statistical analysis techniques. Under these conditions, the main conclusions are as follows:(â…°)Through individual interviews with 10 staff and 281 employees of the advance questionnaire, questionnaire data on 522 employees from formal questionnaire of the exploratory factor analysis and data on 624 subjects of confirmatory factor analysis, it is found that job insecurity of employees in production-oriented enterprises is a two-factor construct model, namely, a model made up of insecurity of job itself and insecurity of job features. The self-made questionnaire on job insecurity has high reliability and validity, and meets the requirements of surveying.(â…±)The questionnaire survey of 1146 employees in production-oriented enterprises shows that the level of job insecurity of employees participated in the survey is the medium and upper, and that the job-itself insecurity is higher than job-feature insecurity. While the effect of gender and marital status is not significant, job insecurity of employees have increasing trend with increasing age, and job insecurity of employees over the age of 50 is most significant. Job-itself insecurity of junior high school and the following qualifications is significantly higher than the stuff with other educational levels. Job insecurity of permanent staff is significantly lower than non-permanent staff. Job insecurity of staff in corporation with 501-1000 people is the highest. Compared with ones in non-state owned corporations, job insecurity of staff in state-owned enterprises is significantly lower.(â…²) The various dimensions of job insecurity of employees have significantly predictive effects on their mental health. In the premise of considering control variables, the various dimensions of job insecurity have negative predictive effects on the overall mental health and subjective well-being and positive predictive effects on psychological disorder(â…³) Each variable of job insecurity not only has a direct impact on each variable of mental health of staff, but also has an indirect impact on it through the sense of coherence of staff. To be specific, sense of coherence partly mediates the effect of the various dimensions of job insecurity on their overall mental health and subjective well-being; in the process that the various dimensions job insecurity impacts on psychological disorder, sense of coherence completely mediates the effect of the job-itself insecurity on mental health, but partly mediates the effect of job-feature insecurity on mental health.(â…´)Individual traditionality moderates the impact of job insecurity of staff on the overall mental health and psychological disorder, namely, high-tradition has a buffer effect on the negative effects of job insecurity. Work-based support moderates the impact of job-itself insecurity on overall mental health, subjective well-being and psychological disorder, and of job-feature insecurity on subjective well-being. Non-Work-based support moderates the impact of the various dimensions of job insecurity on overall mental health, subjective well-being and psychological disorder.The innovations in the present research are as follows:(1) Preliminary defining the concept of job insecurity, this study has produced a two-factor construct model of job insecurity of employees in production-oriented enterprises under Chinese culture background theoretically. (2) Methodologically, this study investigates and analyzes the characteristics of the state and influence mechanism on all variables of mental health of job insecurity of the employee in production-oriented enterprises by document analysis, interview, questionnaire, factor analysis, structural equation modeling and other multivariate methods and statistical systems, and gains scientific and reliable conclusions. (3) Practically this study designs job insecurity questionnaire suitable for employees in production-oriented enterprises, meeting the requirements of surveying, which has high reliability and validity and provides an effective assessment tool for following-up related research and human resources management and development.
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