| This thesis takes the combination of history and ethnology as the basic way and perspective of its study and applies the ideological theory of Clifford Geertz, which is based on semiotics and strain theory of sociology, to the study of ideology in the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom. It holds that ideology in the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom results from the persistent sorts of malintegration in Nanzhao society and molds the people's thoughts and acts in this kingdom. It also argues that the historical context in which the ideology in the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom existed must be built or re-built and the malintegration in each historical period by the erection of the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom must be classified and generized if a study wants to comprehend thoroughly and profoundly the intension of the ideology.From different host emic of Nanzhao Kingdom, Wuman group, Baiman group and Tang empire, the thesis analyzes the multi-structures of signification of Nanzhao separately as a historical symbol, which includes four independent expressions:Shahu in Yongchang State, a branch of Wuman group, leader of the federation of the Mengs and the Baiman group, and King of Yunnan. The thesis holds that Nanzhao, as a historical symble, possesses multi meanings:Nanzhao is the one who inherited and make in progress the genuine culture of Ailao group, the one who was ready to accept the Han culture, and the one who sensed and was ready to accept territorial pluralistic culture generally composed by the cultrure of Pu nationality and Yue nationality and also moulded by Han culture in a long period; Nanzhao is the one who accepted the Cultrue of Wuman group and also the one who differed with the group in the general custom-cultrue image, cultural psychology, value orientation and cultural tradition; Nanzhao is the one who allied equally with Bai nationality and served as a close leader in the federation and the one who represented, achieved and protected the vital interests; Nanzhao is the one who rose in Erhai lake area and the one who served and be obedient to the Tang empire as its subject, the one who got suspected and watched by the empire, and the one who rebelled against the empire and killed a lot brutally in wars; on the eve of the erection of Stele of Paragon Virtue, Nanzhao is the one who ruled with virtue as a holy blessed king of the Bai nationality in Erhai lake area, the one who overwhelmingly conquered and depredated the Bai nationality in Cuan territory, ruling with the addiction of power and sword, the one who headed the federation with Ailao in the southern area of Nanzhao Kindom and ruled the whole kingdom with the lofty polical and military prestige, or even with the holy virture and grace, the one who governed the Ailao in the Western and Southern areas of Nanzhao Kindom with mild and moral mollification measures, or Jimi measrues, derived by mutual compromise in a special historical situation, the one who betrayed immoraly and shamelessly the Wuman group in Erhai lake area, occupied and depredated their land, and the one who conquered and depredated by force the Wuman group in the North and East area of Nanzhao Kindom.Through the analysis and explanation of the expressions above, which are closely related to the meaning of Nanzhao in different historical stages, the thesis presents the elementary components of Nanzhao history and its society in a certain period and shows the fundamental existences and relations among them, which played fatal roles in the forming of ideology in the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom. By doing so, the thesis builds or rebuilds the basic historical context in which the symbolic system of the ideology in the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom exists and evolves. Based on the study of the last stage, with the help of a analysis framwork of malintegration raised by this thesis, the paper analyzes the main and typical sorts of malintegration in the different historical periods before the erection of Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom, which covers the conditions, the reasons of forming, the significance and the influence of the malintegration in separate phases.Through the comparison of the existing status of the elementary groups in Nanzhao society and malintegration in different historical periods, the thesis draws a conclusion about the intension of the persistent sorts of malintegration in Nanzhao society which led to the emergence of the ideology in the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom. The intension contains the following: In Economy, the Mengs, or the King of Nanzhao Kindom and his family, developed the economy of Nanzhao Kindom at the cost of sacrificing the stable operating of the economy or even the Nanzhao society to some extent, and the Mengs developed the economy of Nanzhao Kindom at the cost of sacrificing the maximum of it economical power and interests to some extent; In Politics, the Mengs pursued the enhance and reinforcement of his political power at the cost of sacrificing the stable operating of the state or even the Nanzhao society to some extent, the Mengs got his reinforced political status and political power at the cost of sacrificing the maximum of it political power and interests to some extent, and with the regard of external political relations, and the Mengs pursued the independent politics at the cost of sacrificing the independent politics to some extent which he was longing for; In Culture, the Mengs developed and reinforced his own prestige status at the cost of sacrificing the stable operating of the culture or even the Nanzhao society to some extent, the Mengs built up and reinforced its prestige status at the cost of weakening his prestige status to some extent, and the Mengs built up and reinforced its prestige status also at the cost of losing his right to some extent to choose the way of cultural development independently.Finally, on the basis of identifying the intension of persistent malintegration, the thesis reveals the intension, the function and the significance of the ideology in the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom.The intension of the ideology in the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom is:Where there is the king, there is the Nanzhao Kindom, whose interests are the kindom's interests; The king is well blessed and of the same noble descent as well as the extraordinary capability as the dragon; The king possesses the virture and grace as much as the sun; The king and his ministers co-operate in the way the sun and the moon do, which is also the fundamentality of a kingdom's governing and prosperity; The Tang empire has its jade-like glamor though lacking virture; The Tubo empire has the virtue of wise and insight, which is like the spring rain, frosty wind and brightness.If the ideology did function as much as the Mengs expected, it would be unnecessary for the main groups in Nanzhao Kindom to do profound consideration and be puzzled about the respective vicissitude in their social status, the present social status and roles as well as the other existence, relations and social situation in the society, since the king himself is the Nanzhao Kindom, he is the dragon, and he is the sun; where there is the king, there is the Nanzhao Kindom, the king's interests are the kindom's interests; the king is well blessed and of the same noble descent as well as the extraordinary capability like the dragon. Whatever the king has done, is doing and will do agree to the God's will, so do all his behavior and the results, which is proved as the facts by the king's merits, virture and grace. Owing to just the king's noble descent, blessing, the extraordinary capability, virture and grand grace, only if the principle between the king and his ministers is closely observed, the immense glory and fortune will surely be brought to the ministers, otherwise, the whole kingdom, especially its politics would suffer malfunction and disorder; once the society sank into turbulence, the real interests of the ministers would be thrown into a real uncertainty. The relations with both the Tang empire and Tubo empire are thoroughly within the king's grasp. Though the Tang empire has its jade-like glamor, it lacks virture. Even if the Tubo empire has currently the virture, everything depends on; only those who have virtue and are beneficial to the kindom is what can be dependent on.If the ideology played an vital role in dispelling the puzzles of the viewers, or the people in Nanzhao Kindom, about social situation in Nanzhao society, then undoubtedly, viewers'thoughts and acts would be molded, and loyalty together with abidance to the king and the Nanzhao Kingdom would become the only choice of them. Thus, the strain in the society, mentality, and culture of the kingdom caused by the persistent malintegration would be relieved, and the society of Nanzhao Kingdom would return to relevant stability from the social crisis to some extent, which is the the significance of the ideology in the Stele of Paragon Virtue of Nanzhao Kingdom.
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