On Ecological Social Man: New Hypothesis Of Human Nature And All-round Development Of Human Being

Hypotheses of human nature are not only methodology but the world view and epistemology for us to study the nature of mankind. The practicability of Marxism demonstrates that human nature is the outcome of practice and the existence of human being's practice demands that human nature be both dynamic and evolutionary. The worsened ecological environment warns people of the fact that the crisis between man and nature greatly impacts human existence and our sustainable development. Strongly felt are various ecological crises and challenges produced when humans conquer and remake the nature, which has led us to reconsidering the nature of human beings, the relationships of man and nature, man and society and themselves. In the efforts to build a harmonious society and ecological civilization, the proposal of ecological social man as a pattern of human nature development mirrors our further meditation on human nature and Marxist view of human nature that keeps pace with time. Bearing new implications of value philosophy, ecological social man reflects brand-new ecological view of value and ethics. What is a man? The question is less philosophical than realistic in ideological and political education.Presently, mankind is confronted with two major problems. One is the failure in establishing a harmonious relationship between man and nature. While human beings develop, the conflict between man and nature gets increasingly fierce which may ultimately devastate civilization already acquired. The other is the man-society relationship human beings' own problems. Rapidly developing social economy keeps squeezing people out of their own spiritual space and their psychological pressure is on the rise as a result of which, people get into rivalry with society and subsequently a psychological disorder. These two problems give rise to the ecological and psychological crisis.Ecological social man is defined as those who, by abiding by ecological laws, exist and develop together with nature and society in a harmonious way. Ecological social man takes harmonious man-environment (natural and society environment) relationship as their spiritual aim, co-evolution as their aim of value and social responsibility and justice within the same and in different generations as their fundamental norm. Ecological social man is in essence the model of human's ability in dealing with relationships, human's inner quality and character development. Its practical value lies in the desirable capability of handling interpersonal, man and nature and man and society relationship. Ecological social man's internal value will be achieved on the condition that their ecological, psychological and social qualities can interact in a positive way. These qualities embody the harmonious view of ecological ethics, society, civilization and life of ecological social man. The construction of these four ecologically ethical dimensions serves as the practical foundation for man, nature and society to exist and develop harmoniously and as the impetus to lead us out of the moral dilemma and the crisis of human nature and into the fulfillment of the social responsibility of establishing harmonious man-environment relationship. The concept of ecological social man reflects both assimilation and abandonment of the traditional hypothesis of human nature.The dual subject-object relationship of man and nature, man and society and themselves determines ecological social man's subjective and objective value. As one phase in human development, ecological social man shows the process of human evolution. It outweighs "economic man" that focuses on individual and social utility and also promotes the behavioral value of "social man". Socialist market-driven economy is not only competitive but moral, ecological and recycling. The faculty, moral consciousness, ethical orientation and ecological awareness of ecological social man are correspondent to what the socialist market-driven economy demands for and expect from people. In this sense, it is parallel to the requirements of human beings' development that the realization of ecological social man's value is set as the development goal for men in socialist market-driven economy.The development of ecological social man is expected to internally connected with the root of value of ideological and political education. The pattern proves the individual and social value of ideological and political education and in it, there is ethical value of ecology, harmony, responsibility and systems. The character of ecological social man is ideal for the enforcement of scientific concept of development. Such a man is the builder and holder of ecological civilization. It is a combination of ecological, harmonious and moral character. The cultivation of ecological social character is a necessity for the realization of ecological social man. The content mainly covers the promotion of ecological awareness, the construction of harmonious ecological culture, the enforcement of moral education and the establishment of a justice system by social ecological men.As the fruit of the development of Marxist theory of human nature, ecological social man keeps developing. It is more harmonious than competitive. Harmony is the permanent goal while competition is means for improvement and development is the eternal theme.