To Have A Say To Settle Rationalize "

Combining the field work and documentary analysis for the history of reservoir resettlers in a Southwestern country who have been seeking audiences collectively at higher levels (jiti shangfang), this dissertation reveals and analyses how state power operates in two-way practice. i. e., from top to bottom and from bottom to top, once the state encounters with peasants during the new period when the collective system of agricultural production with the household responsibility has been carried out and the People Commune system has collapsed.State power from bottom to top operates through the peculiar system of jitishangfang which has been developed in China since 1949. Peasants whose lands were damaged by reservoirs used jitishangfang, which should be a kind of technique of the state to make political mobilization ,as the weapon for getting compensation in their practice. Unexpectedly, it became a new technique of power in the process.State power from top to bottom operates through the peculiar bureaucracy which has been developed in China since 1949.Because of the unbalance between the goals and the techniques of governance, this kind of bureaucracy not only has made a lot of left-over problems in its governing practice ,but also has been unable to solve the problems smoothly through formal procedure technique. Therefore, it invented umntendedly(?) some informal techniques of governance, such as '' accommodation(bianlong)" , which are effective in the practice.Although the two-way " unintended consequences" and " informal techniques" contradict reciprocally in a sense, " the cunning of history" lies in that the coupling of two kinds of informal techniques make it possible for the legitimacy and effectivity of state power to be reproduced and transited from total governance during the People Commune system to "govern through comprehensive measures (zonghe zhili)" which is suitable for new period.The dissertation reveals the themes through two lines, one of which is the story-telling line in the mam body, another is the theoretical-analysis line in footnotes. The aims to write the dissertation with the new way is to keep the integration of narrative and the potentiality of analysis.However, the dissertation is a challange to clear distinctions between power from bottom to top and from top to bottom, between theory and narrative.