"the Analects Of Confucius" Study The Formation, Development And In Bad

The Study of LUN YU-The Analects of Confucius, comprises of many subjects pertaining to LUN YU, including the origin of its name , meaning, its compilers, date of compilation, variants of versions, structural analysis, existing commentaries both inside and outside China, spreading of its influence in China as well as across the world, the study of names and factual matters referred to in the analects, the interpretation of its words, different schools of scholars on it, as well as various stages of development of research in this regard. This paper concentrates on the growth periods ,prior to SUI and TANG Dynasties, of research as a distinct discipline on LUN YU, historical backdrop, major representative works of annotators and their characteristics, in addition to the author's efforts to shed some light on the impact of LUN YU on contemporaneous politics, education and legal system of that time. Main issues covered in this paper are as follows: 1. Investigation and verification of the compilers of LUN YU. This paper concludes, through establishing the compiling date of LUN YU as well as the relation between ZENG ZI and ZI SI, that the latter is the final editor of this book, who, in the capacity of lineal descendant of Confucius, rallied the disciples of disciples of the Sage, and put together the final version of LUN YU as we see today and the Book of Confucius'Home Teachings, through collection, selection, collation and classification of available materials, inter alia, the written memorials by the disciples of disciple of Confucius as well as their oral statements, together with reference to the fragmental copy of corpus of Confucius compiled by the disciples of him during the mourning period after his death. 2. Exploration of the emergence, development and decline of LUN YU study.Given the favorable environment engendered by the education measures and policies of advocating the superiority of Confucianism over other schools of ideology adopted by the government of HAN Dynasty, the study of LUN YU, not surprisingly, experienced a flourishing period, which lasted all the way through WEI , JIN as well as SOUTH and NORTH Dynasties, when Confucianism witnessed the full endorsement by the Rulers and Royal family, and achieved a paramount status in a time when academic liberalism prevailed,the study of metaphysics started to rise to prominence and Buddhism found its way into China and increasingly acquired popularity. However, by the time of SUI and TANG Dynasty, ironically, the ruling classes'attempt to monopolize the interpretation of Confucianism and incentives created to promote imperial examination system, apart from the ethos of veneration of antiquity stifled the vigor of study of LUN YU, leading to its overall decline. 3. Elucidate the comparison among major annotated versions of LUN YU, of the time of form HAN to TANG Dynasty.In particular, issues such as ,a long-standing suspicion of the forgery of several commentaries on LUN YU, insight into the real authorship of a particular book, and characteristics of various annotations, are among other things explored in detail. For example, the book by BAO XIAN, entitled Verses of LUN YU, emphasizes "to decipher the original teaching in the context of verses". Whereas, the approach displayed in another book, Annotation of LUN YU by ZHENG XUAN, proclaims the principle of "incorporating the classic guideline into contemporary academic achievement". In addition, the perspective adopted by HE YAN in his book Collection of Paraphrases of LUN YU, is that "tap into the strengths of various thoughts only to assist in formulating one's own conclusion ". In the meantime, another scholar, LU DEMING's method can be summarized as "utilize phonetics to facilitate the understanding of LUN YU"4. Expound upon the influence of LUN YU on politics, education and legal system in the period from HAN to TANG Dynasty. By reference to abundant historical materials, it unmistakably arrives at the inference that LUN YU, was ,at that time, the dominant guideline for the throne in its governance of state, as well as the code of conduct for liegeman and common subjects, which held a prominent status in the national examination system and from which the legal system derived its key principles and provisions ,for example, the story of a father's connivance at his son's misconduct, which was endorsed by Confucius, as referred to in LUN YU had ,by that time, translated into law, which was popularly called "Benign Connivance of misconduct among Relatives"...