The Book Of Lord Shang Tao Of Government Study

The ideology of state affairs management and its practical effect in The Book of Lord Shang, the legist book composed in the early Qin Period, greatly promoted the transformation and development of social life in China. The present paper makes a complete research on the development, structure and theoretical significance of the ideology of state affairs management of The Book of Lord Shang, by employing a methodology of history of political thoughts, in combination with the theoretical propositions and practical effects of the ideology of state affairs management of The Book of Lord Shang.Five questions are mainly addressed in the present paper:Chapter One gives a brief introduction to the life story of Shang Yang, the author of The Book of Lord Shang, as well as analyzes its academic source and history, so as to have a clear overview of the structure of the ideology of state affairs management in The Book of Lord Shang.In Chapter Two, the ideology system of state affairs management in The Book of Lord Shang is further constructed and the argumentative base is also tackled. By discussing the historical background, cultural mentality and natural environment, the present paper sets to trace the source of the ideology of state affairs management in The Book of Lord Shang. Based on the reoccurrence of the background and the findings of the problems and challenges that the social background encountered, it also addresses the way of argumentation and the solution in The Book of Lord Shang when faced with problems and challenges. This dissertation also analyzes the three dimensions of the ideology of state affairs management in The Book of Lord Shang, namely, respect for the law, promotion of credit and centrality of power, on which a social order of "administration without the dictation of the ruler" and "the mass not subject to the administrators" is to be constructed. It also reviews the measures to enrich the country and strength the army in the ideology of state affairs management of The Book of Lord Shang, so as to illicit the destination of "the ruling of world by the king".Chapter Three discusses the rationality of the ideology of state affairs management of The Book of Lord Shang from the viewpoint of system guarantee. First, beginning with the design of the social system in The Book of Lord Shang, the paper analyzes the design feature of the social hierarchy and operating principle in The Book of Lord Shang and summarizes an administering system that "no case is delayed overnight" as its design feature, so as to prove its gradual progress and the efficient administering system.By comparing the ideology of state affairs management of The Book of Lord Shang with that of the contemporary Confucius representative Mencius, Chapter Four analyzes the features of the two ideologies of state affairs management under the same historical background, aiming to emphasize the feature of nomacracy in The Book of Lord Shang. It also sets to clarify the moral proposition in the ideology of state affairs management of The Book of Lord Shang.Chapter Five to be testified in the present paper are summarized in the conclusion part. The merits and defects as well as historical significance of the ideology of state affairs management of The Book of Lord Shang are also addressed, by way of tracing the reason once more for the downfall of the Qin Empire only after two generations, the political influence the ideology of state affairs management of The Book of Lord Shang to the "superficial prevalence of Confucius and actual rule of the legist" in subsequent times, as well as the rationality, contradiction and historical evaluation of the ideology of state affairs management of The Book of Lord Shang.