A Study On The Notional Words In Book Of Lord Shang

The study on the notional words in Book' of Lord Shang is a vital part of the linguistic study on Book of Lord Shang. The study belongs to the category of linguistic study on a particular book.Book of Lord Shang is an important document of the pre-Qin Legalist school, and provides significant historical facts of the Qin country during the Warring States Period. The Book employs plain language and a unique style,so it is also an invaluable linguistic source for the studies of archaic Chinese. In the past time there was no notes and commentaries for the Book of Lord Shang, and only few researchers studied it; in the modern time, most of the studies of the Book either focused on proofreading, illustrating, annotating, and translating of the text, or on the Book's opinions about the rule by law, about military affairs, and about the administration of the country. In recent years the scope of studies on the Book has increased, however, there're not many researchers studying it from the point of view of linguistics, while a comprehensive and systematic study on the notional words in the Book is yet to be done.In this thesis, we have studied the 1124 monosyllabic notional words and 489 polysyllabic notional words in an exhaustive and objective way, guided by systematology theories, and chiefly using the methods of objective description, quantitative analysis, and mutual verification in comparison. By comparing to some monographs, both historical ones for diachronic studies and contemporary ones for synchronic studies, we have summarized the characteristics of the system ofnotional words in the Book of Lord Shang, and the place of the system in the growth of the Chinese vocabulary as well. Based on the comprehensive understanding of the system of notional words in the Book, we have also examined in a new light and tried to solve some problems concerning the explanation and commentaries of some difficult words and concerning punctuating the original text, which have long been in dispute. The thesis includes the following parts: 1. Introduction. Introducing the Book of Lord Shang and its author, as well as the significance, the research methods, and related terms concerning the study of notional words in the Book. 2. Studies on the nouns in the Book. 3. Studies on the verbs in the Book. 4. Studies on the adjectives in the Book. 5. Studies on the numbers and classifiers in the Book. 6. Studies on the pronouns in the Book. 7. Studies on the polysyllabic in the Book. 8. Studies on the meanings of the notional words in the Book. 9. The way the notional words in the Book were written. And 10. The system of the notional words in the Book, and the characteristics of the system. We have focused on summarizing the composition and the characteristics of the notional words in the Book, as well as clarification effects of the study on the notional words in the Book, and the place of the notional words in the Book in the growth of the Chinese vocabulary.