Study On Kazakh Students' Acquisition Of The Negative Structure In Chinese

With the title"Study on Kazakh Students'Acquisition of Negative Structure in Chinese", this dissertation is aimed to seek for the regularities of Kazakh students'acquisition in"dominance"negative structure in Chinese. The specific similarities and differences between Chinese and Kazakh languages in terms of typology are showed by comparing the negative structures in these two languages and by analyzing microscopically the equivalent expressions in Kazakh to some specific negative structures in Chinese. Meanwhile, the similarities and differences between the two languages in terms of cognition are disclosed as well. According to deviation language data, a thorough analysis can also be made on the Kazakh students'language point in the negative structure which has"bu"and"mei"and their acquisition process.The theoretical base of this dissertation is the Affirmative and Negative Principle on Natural Language put forward by Mr. Shi Yuzhi, which provides the significance standard on differentiating the affirmative and negative usages of words. Whereas the concepts of quantification and non-quantification are used to set up the formal standard of telling affirmative and negative usages of different word families. At the same time, the concepts of continuous variation and dispersed variation are introduced to distinguish the different roles of"bu"and"mei"in the form of negation. Hence, this dissertation uses the methods of induction and deduction to describe the negative structures in Chinese formally and systematically in order to provide foundations for teaching Chinese to minority students.It is said that the best way to solve the problems in the field of second language acquisition is to combine the qualitative research and quantitative research together. Therefore, the author first collected the researching materials, then put forward a hypothesis. After that, language data is collected to validate the hypothesis by carrying out sample survey. By doing so, the first-hand material is collected on the Kazakh students'usage of negative structures in Chinese. Meanwhile, this dissertation also adopts the methods of comparative analysis, deviation analysis and language usage analysis to determine the possible difficulties the Kazakh students may have in learning Chinese negative structures and collects the language data on deviation usage. By analyzing the deviation data collected carefully, the author finds the reasons for deviation and then puts forward the solutions. Finally, the general sequence of learning Chinese negative structures by the students with Kazakh as their native language is proposed.In conclusion, this dissertation conducts the research on the basis of cognitive theory and medium language theory in the process of"application—theory—application"with a purpose that it can start from application, and then analyze under the guidance of theory and finally achieve the goal of applying the theory to teaching practice.